鸭坦布苏病毒对雏鸭的致病性研究  

Pathogenicity of Duck Tembusu Virus for Ducklings

作　　者：李宁[1] 石迎[1] 吕传位 岳瑞超[1] 刘思当[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学动物科技学院,泰安271018

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2015年第3期476-481,共6页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金博导类资助课题(20123702110008);山东省农业科技成果转化资金项目

摘　　要：为研究鸭坦布苏病毒对雏鸭的致病性,对1周龄樱桃谷雏鸭肌肉接种坦布苏病毒FX 2010株,建立雏鸭感染模型,动态观察感染雏鸭的临床表现、病理变化、组织病毒含量及免疫反应。结果显示,雏鸭攻毒后第3天食欲下降,排黄白色稀粪,第5天时出现神经症状,部分雏鸭急性死亡,死亡率高达22.5%(9/40)。剖检病、死鸭可见心内膜出血,脾肿胀、坏死,肝、肾变性肿胀,脑膜充血。感染雏鸭的组织病理学变化主要表现心、肝、肾实质细胞变性、坏死,间质炎性细胞浸润或见出血;脾淋巴细胞局灶性坏死并伴有大量异嗜性粒细胞浸润;大脑呈典型的病毒性脑炎变化。雏鸭感染后第1天各器官就能检测到坦布苏病毒,第3天器官病毒含量除脾外均达峰值,后逐渐下降。雏鸭攻毒后第5天血清中出现微弱的中和抗体,以后逐渐升高,第17天时达峰值。以上结果表明,鸭坦布苏病毒感染雏鸭后能迅速入侵机体各组织器官并大量复制,呈组织泛嗜性特征,造成全身广泛性组织损伤,重症雏鸭死于急性败血症病变。雏鸭接种病毒后能快速产生中和抗体以抵抗感染并迅速清除病毒。To study the pathogenicity of duck Tembusu virus in Cherry Valley ducklings,infection model was established by inoculating Tembusu virus FX 2010 strain intramuscularly into oneweek-old ducklings to dynamically supervise clinical symptoms,pathological changes,tissue viral loads and immune responses of infected ducklings.The ducklings showed loss of appetite and yellow-white stools at the third day post infection(3dpi)and neurological symptoms at 5dpi.In addition,some ducklings died acutely and the mortality rate was 22.5%(9/40).Necropsy results showed endocardial hemorrhage,swelling and necrosis in spleen.The liver and kidney were degenerative and swelling and meningeal congestion.Histopathological changes in infected ducklings mainly presented as degeneration and necrosis in parenchymal cells of heart,liver and kidney,interstitial inflammatory cells were infiltrated or bleeding,focal lymphocytes necrosis and a large number of heterophilic granulocytes infiltration in spleen,typical viral encephalitis in brain.Tembusu virus could be detected in every organ of infected ducklings at 1dpi and viral levels reached apeak at 3dpi in all organs except for the spleen.The levels of serum neutralizing antibodies were low at5 dpi,then gradually increased and reached the peaks till at dpi.These results suggest that duck Tembusu virus could quickly invade tissues and numerously replicate in affected ducklings,characterized by pantropic virus injuring most tissues.Severe ducklings usually died of acute septicemia.The neutralizing antibodies could be rapidly produced to fight against infection and eliminate the virus.

关 键 词：鸭坦布苏病毒 雏鸭 致病性 病理组织学变化 

分 类 号：S858.32[农业科学—临床兽医学]