逆行牵引改良气管插管法提高大鼠心肌梗死模型成功率  

Assessment of a Modified Retrograde Traction Tracheal Intubation Method for Increasing the Success Rate of Myocardial Infarction Model in Rats

作　　者：晋金兰[1] 韦建瑞[2] 郭键[3] 吕荣贵[2] 苏福娣 

机构地区：[1]广州市红十字会医院中心ICU,广东省广州市510220 [2]广州市红十字会医院心血管内科,广东省广州市510220 [3]中山大学医学院药理学实验室,广东省广州市510080 [4]广州市红十字会医院昌岗分院,广东省广州市510220

出　　处：《中国动脉硬化杂志》2015年第6期573-578,共6页Chinese Journal of Arteriosclerosis

基　　金：广东省建设中医药强省科研课题(20141217);广东省医学科研基金项目(B2012034);广州市医药卫生科技项目(20141A011019)

摘　　要：目的研究采用逆行牵引改良气管插管法提高大鼠心肌梗死模型造模成功率的实验方法。方法 125只SD雄性大鼠,采用逆行牵引改良气管插管法(逆行插管组)和经口气管插管法(经口插管组)建立人工气道,结扎冠状动脉左前降支制作心肌梗死模型。4周后采用超声心动图检测大鼠心肌梗死模型心脏结构和心功能变化,采用Masson染色实验检测大鼠心脏胶原容积分数(CVF)。分析这两种气管插管方法、术中利多卡因的使用、手术操作过程中的细节问题、术中及术后护理事项等对大鼠模型成功率的影响。结果逆行牵引改良气管插管法建立大鼠人工气道的成功率为100%,明显高于传统的经口气管插管法(成功率为85%)。于左心耳与肺动脉圆锥连线下方2 mm进针结扎、结扎前滴1滴利多卡因到心脏表面减慢心率便于操作并预防心律失常、术中及术后及时清除气道分泌物、术中及术后保暖、预防伤口感染等方法,可提高大鼠心肌梗死模型的存活率。与正常大鼠比较,两组大鼠均出现左心室收缩末期内径变小,左心室后壁代偿性肥厚,左心室射血分数降低,心脏非心肌梗死区CVF增加;且两组间比较上述指标差异无统计学意义。逆行插管组心肌梗死模型造模成功率(76.7%)高于经口插管组(65.0%)。结论逆行牵引改良气管插管法的应用能够为大鼠心肌梗死模型的制作迅速备好人工气道,术中使用利多卡因、精准的血管结扎部位及合适的术中及术后护理对提高大鼠心肌梗死模型造模成功率具有重要意义。Background and Aim Animal models of myocardial infarction( MI) had been widely used to study the pathological and physiological changes that occur in MI,and to objectively evaluate the efficacy of new treatments.They were an important tool in this procedure. However,the mortality rate of MI animal models had so far been higher than in real-life situations. The aim of this study was to explore the use of a modified retrograde traction tracheal intubation( MRTI) method for increasing the success rate of MI models in rats. Methods 125 male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in the experiment. Using the MRTI method and the breath tube intubation( BTI) method to establish artificial airway,we established the MI model by ligation of the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery. At week 4after induction of the MI in rat model,the cardiac structure and left ventricular ejection fraction( LVEF) were assessed by echocardiography. After the animals were sacrificed,cardiac collagen volume fraction( CVF) was evaluated by Masson staining. We analyzed the effects of MRTI,the use of lidocaine,operative details,nursing considerations during the operation,and post-operative factors on the success rate of the MI model in rats. Results The success rate of establishing artificial airway by using MRTI( 100%) was higher than that by using BTI( 85%). The success rate of generating a MI model in rats could be significantly increased using the following methods:( 1) Setting up the artificial airway through the use of MRTI by using a single-lumen central venous catheter;( 2) Selecting a ligation site: 2 mm below the midpoint of the connection between the left atrial appendage and the pulmonary cone;( 3) Adding a drop of lidocaine to the surface of the heart to slow down the heart rate,to make the operation easier to perform,and to prevent arrhythmias postoperatively;( 4) Clearing up airway secretions timely both intra and postoperatively;( 5) Making sure that rats were in a warm state both intra and postoperatively;( 6) Preventing

关 键 词：逆行牵引改良气管插管法 心肌梗死模型 大鼠 

分 类 号：R542.22[医药卫生—心血管疾病] R-332[医药卫生—内科学]