蚌埠市区土壤重金属积累特征及生态风险评价  

Accumulation Characteristics and Ecological Risk Evaluation of Heavy Metals in Urban Soil of Bengbu

作　　者：盛蒂[1] 朱兰保[1] 戚晓明[1] 陈跃杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]蚌埠学院化学与环境工程系,安徽蚌埠233030

出　　处：《土壤通报》2015年第3期715-720,共6页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41001292);安徽高校省级自然科学研究项目(KJ2011B088);蚌埠学院自然科学研究项目(2010ZR03);蚌埠学院优秀人才计划项目〔(2012)40号〕资助

摘　　要：为了解蚌埠市区土壤重金属污染状况,利用原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定了其重金属含量,并依次采用了单因子污染指数法、内梅罗综合污染指数法和Hakanson潜在生态风险指数法对其污染程度和潜在风险性进行了评价。结果表明,蚌埠市区土壤中重金属Zn、Cu、Pb、Cd、Mn和Cr的平均含量依次为90.61 mg kg-1、24.69 mg kg-1、37.27 mg kg-1、0.37 mg kg-1、323.45mg kg-1、22.71 mg kg-1,在安徽省各城市中处于中等偏下水平。单因子污染指数法评价结果表明,Cd为重度污染;Zn、Pb、Cu为轻度污染;Mn和Cr为安全等级。综合污染指数法评价结果表明,工业区和交通区土壤重金属为重度污染,商业区、居民区和文教区为中度污染,公园绿地为轻微污染。潜在生态风险指数法评价结果表明,Cd元素为强生态风险程度;Pb、Cu、Zn、Cr和Mn均为轻微生态风险。工业区和交通区为中等生态风险;商业区、居民区、文教区和公园绿地为轻微生态风险。在去除Cd元素以后,各功能区均处于轻微生态风险水平。总的来说,蚌埠市区土壤除了存在Cd的强生态风险外,其它各重金属生态环境较好。The concentrations of heavy metals in urban soil of Bengbu were measured by ICP-AES. And the methods of single factor pollution index, comprehensive pollution index and Hakanson potential ecological risk index were used to assess pollution levels and potential ecological risks of heavy metals in soil. The results showed that the average concentrations of Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Mn and Cr in soil were 90.61, 24.69, 37.27, 0.37, 323.45 and 22.71 mg kg-1,respectively, those were below average level in some cities in Anhui. The results of single factor pollution index assessment showed that serious pollution by Cd, slight pollution by Zn, Pb and Cu, safety levels bu Mn and Cr. The results of comprehensive pollution index assessment showed that the soil heavy metal pollutions were serious in industrial districts and traffic districts. The sampling points in business, residential, cultural and educational districts were within the moderate pollution, while the park green space was within the slight pollution. These assessment results of the potential ecological risks indicated that except for Cd within the strong ecological risk level in all sampling points, the other four heavy metals were in slight ecological risk. The sampling points in industrial and traffic districts were within the moderate ecological risk degree, while other sampling points were in the slight ecological risk.After the removal of Cd, all the functional areas were in the slight pollution levels. The overall evaluation of the heavy metal pollution in Bengbu urban was not serious, except for Cd.

关 键 词：土壤 重金属 积累特征 生态风险评价 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X826