禁牧对退化草地恢复的作用  

Effects of grazing prohibition on restoration of degraded grassland

作　　者：肖金玉[1] 蒲小鹏[2] 徐长林[2] 

机构地区：[1]草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020 [2]甘肃农业大学草业学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草业科学》2015年第1期138-145,共8页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：科技支撑计划(2012BAC01B02-4);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(31201520)

摘　　要：草地是我国重要的农业自然资源之一,但目前草地退化的现象十分严重,超载过牧是主要原因之一。本文就针对草地退化提出的围封禁牧措施对草地植被、土壤及草地生态系统恢复过程中的作用进行综述,发现适度放牧对草地恢复是必需的,但采取长期围封禁牧恢复与重建草地的做法不可取,围栏封育并非恢复退化草地的万全之计。建议在我国要因地制宜,根据草地的退化程度,采取合理的划区轮牧强度和放牧时间,与退化草地生态恢复的围封措施结合,以达到既能恢复退化草地,又可收获畜产品的双赢目的,实现草地生态系统持续平衡发展的目标。The grassland is one of important agriculture natural resources.However,the grassland degraded seriously in China because of overgrazing.At the beginning of 21 st century,enclosure was praised highly as a primary mean for grassland ecological restoration in west China.Effects of enclosure on the vegetation,soil and grassland ecosystem restoration were reviewed in this paper.It was concluded that the moderate grazing is necessary to restore degraded grassland and long-term enclosure is not as good as expected.According to the degree of grassland degradation in different regions,the enclosure should be flexibly combined with reasonable rotation grazing intensity and time to restore degraded grassland and get animal products simultaneously.It was suggested that the grassland ecological system will be sustainable and in good balance when grassland and animals are in win-win.

关 键 词：草地恢复 植被 土壤 生态系统 轮牧 

分 类 号：S812.8[农业科学—草业科学]