不同水分梯度下能源植物芒草和柳枝稷生物量分配规律  

Biomass allocation of Miscanthus sinensis and Panicum virgatum response to different water conditions

作　　者：王银柱[1,2] 王冬[2] 刘玉[2] 匡彦蓓 武高林[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学园艺学院,山西太谷030801 [2]西北农林科技大学中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [3]华南师范大学生命科学学院,广东广州510630

出　　处：《草业科学》2015年第2期236-240,共5页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41371282);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向课题(KSCX2-EX-QR-1);陕西省自然科学基金项目(2011JQ5003;2014KJXX-15)

摘　　要：黄土高原面积广袤,进行能源植物种植具有巨大潜质。然而,由于该区生态环境脆弱,水分是限制能源植物产量的主要因子。本研究通过室内控水试验,对不同水分梯度条件(田间持水量的75%、55%和35%)下芒草(Miscanthus sinensis)和柳枝稷(Panicum virgatum)两种能源植物干物质的分配规律进行研究,以期为能源植物的节水高产提供依据。结果表明,水分显著影响根生物量、地上生物量及总生物量(P<0.05);芒草生物量显著高于柳枝稷;随着水分的降低,生物量显著下降。不同水分条件显著影响柳枝稷的根冠比、而对芒草影响较小;柳枝稷在较低土壤含水量下,通过增加根系数量及根冠比来加强对水分和养分的吸收。在试验条件下,田间持水量的55%与75%水分条件对两种能源植物地上、地下及总生物量无显著影响(P>0.05);水分含量在田间持水量的55%下,两种植物有较高水分利用效率。Energy plants are suitable to be planted in semi-arid Loess plateau with huge potential production capacity.However,Loess plateau is famous as fragile ecological environment which limited production capacity as water deficit.In order to explor high-yield energy plants with water-saving,the dry matter distributions of Miscanthus sinensis and Panicum virgatum under different soil moisture(75%,55%,35% of field moisture capacity)were studied.The results showed that the root biomass,shoot biomass and total biomass were significantly affected(P <0.05)by both moisture contents and species.The biomass of M.sinensis was significantly higher(P<0.05)than that of P.virgatumfor all treatments.The biomass of both species significantly decreased(P <0.05)with the decrease of soil moisture content.The soil moisture contents had significant effects(P<0.05)on root-shoot ratio of P.virgatum whereas it has little effects on that of M.sinensis.With the lower moisture content,P.virgatumcould strengthen the absorption of water and nutrients with more root number and higher root-shoot ratio.For root biomass,shoot biomass and total biomass of the both energy plants,there was no significant difference between control and the treatments with 75% and 55% of soil moisture capacity.M.sinensis and P.virgatum could use water more efficiently under 55% soil moisture capacity.

关 键 词：能源植物 黄土高原 根冠比 单株生物量 

分 类 号：S578[农业科学—作物学]