15份不同暖季型草坪草生长量对长期水淹和水涝胁迫的响应  

Response of 15 different warm season turfgrass germplasms to long-term submergence and waterlogging stress

作　　者：高艳芝[1,2] 宗俊勤[1] 陈静波[1] 赵瑞霜 刘建秀[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省中国科学院植物研究所(南京中山植物园),江苏南京210014 [2]南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《草业科学》2015年第3期354-362,共9页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家科技重大专项课题研究专题(2012ZⅩ07101-005);江苏省水利厅项目(2011076;2014001)

摘　　要：以6种15份暖季型草坪草的种质资源为材料,研究了两个月的水淹(涝)胁迫对其生长的影响。结果表明:水涝胁迫对双穗雀稗‘P018’和‘P019’(Paspalum distichum)、海滨雀稗‘P021’(P.vaginatum)和伪针茅‘PX02’(Pseudoraphis spinescens)等材料的生长有一定促进作用,但明显抑制杂交狗牙根‘C807’(Cynodon dactylon×C.transadlensis)及狗牙根‘C134’(C.dactylon)等的生长。基于对15份草坪草在水涝胁迫下表现的综合分析,所有材料的耐涝性强弱依次为双穗雀稗‘P018’>双穗雀稗‘P019’>海滨雀稗‘P021’>伪针茅‘PX02’>双穗雀稗‘P020’>假俭草‘E194’(Eremochloa ophiuroides)>杂交狗牙根‘C751’>狗牙根‘C291’>海滨雀稗‘P006’>狗牙根‘C106’>假俭草‘E193’>杂交狗牙根‘C807’=狗牙根‘C852’>狗牙根‘C851’>狗牙根‘C134’。水淹胁迫下15份材料受到的伤害均明显大于水涝胁迫,两份假俭草材料在两个月水淹胁迫后均已死亡。基于15份材料水淹胁迫下的表现,其耐淹性由强到弱依次为双穗雀稗‘P018’>双穗雀稗‘P019’>伪针茅‘PX02’>双穗雀稗‘P020’>狗牙根‘C291’>杂交狗牙根‘C751’>杂交狗牙根‘C807’>海滨雀稗‘P006’>狗牙根‘C852’>狗牙根‘C851’>海滨雀稗‘P021’>狗牙根‘C106’>狗牙根‘C134’>假俭草‘E194’=假俭草‘E193’。所有材料中,由于双穗雀稗‘P018’、‘P019’和伪针茅‘PX02’具有优良的耐淹性和耐涝性,是理想的河湖岸带植物群落修复和生态系统构建植物。The response of 15 warm-season turfgrass germplasm to long-term submergence stress or waterlogging stress was studied.The results showed that the waterlogging stress promoted the growth of Paspalum distichum‘P018'and'P019',Pa.vaginatum‘P021'and Pseudoraphis spinescens‘PX02',but significantly inhibited the growth of species such as Cynodon dactylon × C.transadlensis ‘C807 'and C.dactylon ‘C134 '.Based on the comprehensive analysis of the 15 germplasms,the ability of waterlogging tolerance was Pa.distichum ‘P018'>Pa.distichum ‘P019'> Pa.vaginatum ‘P021'> Ps.spinescens ‘PX02 '> Pa.distichum ‘P020 '> Eremochloa ophiuroides ‘E194'> C.dactylon × C.transadlensis ‘C751'> C.dactylon ‘C291'> Pa.vaginatum ‘P006'>C.dactylon ‘C106'> E.ophiuroides ‘E193'> C.dactylon × C.transadlensis ‘C807'= C.dactylon ‘C852'>C.dactylon ‘C851'> C.dactylon ‘C134'.The 15 turfgrasses suffered significantly injury under submergence situation than those living in waterlogging situation,especially for two E.ophiuroides cultivars which cannot survive.Submergence tolerance decreased in the following order according to the analysis of subordinate function: Pa.distichum ‘P018 ' > Pa.distichum ‘P019 ' > Ps.spinescens ‘PX02 ' > Pa.distichum ‘P020 '> C.dactylon‘C291' > C.dactylon × C.transadlensis‘C751' > C.dactylon × C.transadlensis‘C807'> Pa.vaginatum‘P006' > C.dactylon‘C852' > C.dactylon ‘C851' > Pa.vaginatum‘P021' > C.dactylon ‘C106' > C.dactylon ‘C134' > E.ophiuroides ‘E194' = E.ophiuroides ‘E193'.Among all these 15 warm-season turfgrasses,Pa.distichum‘P018',Pa.distichum‘P019'and Ps.spinescens ‘PX02'had strong resistance to both waterlogging stress and submergence stress which were suggested for vegetation reconstruction in natural riparian zone.

关 键 词：暖季型草坪草 水涝胁迫 水淹胁迫 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]