立地条件对勃氏甜龙竹冠层结构和林下光分布的影响  

The Effects of Site Condition on the Canopy Structure and Understorey Light Distribution in Dendrocalamus brandisii Bamboo Plantation

作　　者：周妍[1] 罗庆华 潘雁红[1] 田新立[1] 王曙光[3] 李伟成[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家林业局竹子研究开发中心,浙江杭州310012 [2]墨江哈尼族自治县林业局,云南普洱654800 [3]西南林业大学生命科学学院,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《竹子研究汇刊》2015年第2期33-39,共7页Journal of Bamboo Research

基　　金：浙江省科技厅计划项目(2011F20008);浙江省科技计划项目(2013F10046)

摘　　要：森林的冠层结构和林下光环境模拟是生态系统模型研究的热点。本文通过立地环境对勃氏甜龙竹林冠层结构和林下光辐射的影响研究,探讨丰产林分结构建立的新方法。结果表明:山顶与上坡地段(Ⅰ类立地)中,勃氏甜龙竹的生长状况较差,叶面积指数低,冠层透光率较大,林分开阔度、PPFD和光辐射立地系数高。中坡与下坡(Ⅱ类立地)的群落发育程度优于Ⅰ类立地,增加了树体对太阳辐射的截获量,群落透光率下降,林分郁闭度增大,林冠上层截获太阳辐射上升,消光系数较高。研究发现,CCA排序较好地解释了立地环境因子对冠层结构和林下光辐射的影响;立竹参数(除了丛数)与腐殖质层厚度有很好的一致性,腐殖质(养分)是立竹参数的根本;从CCA可以判断,Ⅱ类立地受到的腐殖质层厚度、林下盖度、立竹参数(除丛数)影响明显大于Ⅰ类立地。研究表明,选择中坡或者下坡栽培勃氏甜龙竹较为合适,建议在群落尺度上,勃氏甜龙竹林可以适当适量地栽种耐阴树种以增加群落的生境多样性和可占据生态位的多样性。The canopy structure and understorey light environment imitation of forests are hot topics for ecosystem modeling research. This article tries to study the effects of the site condition on the canopy structure and understorey optical radiation in Dendrocalamus brandisii bamboo plantation,and to establish a model of high yield forest structure. The results showed that D. brandisii bamboos are adaptable to various environments. At the mountain tops and upper hills( Site type Ⅰ),the growth performance was poor,characterizing by low leaf area index,high light transmission,large open area,high PPFD and high radiation index. While,in the middle and foot of the slopes( Site type Ⅱ),the growth performance was better,characterizing by higher light interception,high crown density,lower light transmission,high light interception,and high light extinction coefficient,these were beneficial to achieve a higher output. The CCA method may well explain the influence of site condition on the canopy structure and understorey radiation. The growth performance of the standing bamboos was consistent with the depth of the humus,which was the nutrient base for bamboo growth. Thus,it is more appropriate to cultivate the D. brandisii in the middle or foot of the slopes. Besides,a number of shade-enduring deciduous tree species are recommended to plant with D. brandisii for the purposes of increasing habitat diversity.

关 键 词：丛生竹 冠层结构 林下光分布 消光系数 CCA分析 

分 类 号：S795[农业科学—林木遗传育种]