一种三聚氰胺盐及其复合物对软聚氯乙烯的阻燃消烟作用  

Melamine Salt and Its Complexes as Flame Retardants and Smoke Suppression for Flexible PVC

作　　者：武伟红[1,2] 吕树芳[2] 焦运红[2] 屈红强[2] 徐建中[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学理学院,河北保定071000 [2]河北大学化学与环境科学学院,河北保定071002

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2015年第2期113-118,共6页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金资助项目(E2013204086)

摘　　要：通过均匀沉淀法制备了一种三聚氰胺羟基锡酸盐(MASN)及一种三聚氰胺羟基锡酸盐与羟基锡酸锌的复合物(MAZSN)阻燃剂,通过能量色散谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱及X射线衍射对阻燃剂的组成及结构进行了表征。将新合成的阻燃剂应用于异丙苯基二苯基磷酸酯(IPP)处理的软聚氯乙烯(PVC)材料,并通过极限氧指数(LOI)和烟密度等级(SDR)测试,研究了MASN及MAZSN对软PVC的阻燃消烟作用。通过热分析的方法及扫描电镜研究了阻燃PVC材料从室温到800℃的降解过程。结果表明,MASN及MAZSN在添加量为30 phr时,可以使软PVC的LOI从30.1%增加至33.3%及38.2%,使SDR从92.87%下降至81.07%及75.06%;MAZSN可以使样品第1降解阶段的失重速率从2.17mg/min升高到5.44 mg/min,最大失重速率温度312℃提前至267℃,明显促进了PVC的炭化反应。A novel melamine hydroxystannate(MASN) and one kind of melamine hydroxystannate and zinc hydroxystannate composite(MAZSN) were synthesized as flame retardants by homogeneous precipitation method,and their composition and structure were evaluated by energy dispersive spectrum(EDS),Fourier transform infrared spectrometer(FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction(XRD). The new compounds were used as flame retardants for flexible polyvinyl chloride(PVC) filled with isopropylphenyl diphenyl phosphate(IPP). The effects of MASN and MAZSN on the flame retardancy and smoke suppression of flexible PVC were studied by the limiting oxygen index(LOI) and smoke density rating(SDR) tests. The thermal degradation of the flame-retardant flexible PVC was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),differential thermal analysis(DTA),and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The results show when 30 phr of MASN or MAZSN is added into the PVC sample,the LOI increases from 30. 1% to 33. 3% and 38. 2%,and the SDR decreases from 92. 87% to 81. 07% and 75. 06%,respectively. MAZSN can increase the mass loss rate in the first degradation stage from 2. 17 mg/min to 5. 44 mg/min,and decrease the temperature of the maximum mass loss rate from312 ℃ to 267 ℃,and obviously promote the carbonization reaction of PVC.

关 键 词：三聚氰胺盐 聚氯乙烯 膨胀阻燃剂 热分析 消烟 

分 类 号：TQ325.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]