聚合物结构对包膜缓释肥缓释性能的影响  

The Influence of Polymer Structure on Slow Release Performance of Coated Fertilizers

作　　者：马海红[1] 孙利[1] 吴雪梅[1] 周正发[1] 徐卫兵[1] 任凤梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学高分子材料科学与工程系,合肥230009

出　　处：《高分子通报》2015年第1期25-31,共7页Polymer Bulletin

基　　金：合肥工业大学青年教师创新项目(2011HGQC1006)

摘　　要：研发和使用缓控释肥能有效解决普通肥料利用率低以及由于化肥使用过量而引起的环境问题。聚合物包膜型缓控释肥是缓控释肥中的一种,影响其缓释性能的因素如环境因素、包膜厚度、加工工艺等,前人已研究较多。聚合物结构对于缓释性能的影响也很重要,而这方面研究较少。本文主要讨论了聚合物结晶性、分子亲疏水性、分子链柔顺性、交联等结构因素对缓释性能的影响。深入研究聚合物结构对缓释性能的影响有助于缓控释材料的创新;能为聚合物包膜材料的设计、聚合物缓控释肥的研发及生产提供一定的理论依据。One method of reducing nutrient losses and hazardous effects to the environment resulted from the overuse of conventional fertilizers involves the use of slow/controlled release fertilizers.As a kind of slow/controlled release fertilizers,polymer coated slow/controlled release fertilizer is important.The environmental factors,coating thickness and processing technique,which affect the release performance of polymer coated slow release fertilizers,have been studied deeply.While structural factors,which also have a substantial influence on the release performance,were studied less previously.The article systematically discussed the structural factors on release performance of polymer coated slow release fertilizers,including crystalline properties,hydrophobic/hydrophilic character,flexibility of macromolecular chains,crosslinking behavior and so on.The deep research of structural factors is benefit for the slection of coating materials and can provide theoretical basis for development and production of polymer coated slow/controlled release fertilizers.

关 键 词：缓控释肥 结构因素 结晶性 亲疏水性 柔顺性 交联 

分 类 号：TQ449.1[化学工程—化学肥料工业]