东北日光温室最大风荷载特征及风灾预警指标研究  

Analysis of maximum wind load characteristics and gale disaster early warning index on greenhouse in Northeastern China

作　　者：张淑杰[1] 孙立德 马成芝 马树庆[3] 王萍[4] 吴曼丽[5] 李广霞[5] 韩秀君[5] 陈艳秋 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所,沈阳110166 [2]辽宁省喀左县气象局,喀左122300 [3]吉林省气象台,长春130062 [4]黑龙江省气象科学研究所,哈尔滨150030 [5]沈阳中心气象台,沈阳110166 [6]辽宁省气象局,沈阳110001

出　　处：《资源科学》2015年第1期211-218,共8页Resources Science

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所专项资金项目(编号:GYHY201206024);辽宁省科技厅重大农业攻关项目(编号:2011210002)

摘　　要：风荷载作为温室主要活荷载,直接影响着温室结构的安全性和经济性。本文利用东北地区176个气象站1981-2010年的10分钟平均最大风速资料,采用极值Ⅰ型分布函数计算了5年、10年、20年、30年重现期的风速极值和风压,结合东北地区日光温室结构特点,确定了日光温室所受最大风压,最终得出了东北各区域日光温室遭受大风危害的临界风压和风速指标。结果表明:东北东部、西部及北部山区为最大风速和风压低值分布区,沿海及中部平原为高值分布区,随着重现期的缩短,最大风速及风压呈下降的趋势。日光温室风荷载范围为(0.07~0.44)k N/m2,与建筑规范中基本风压标准值差距较大,在不考虑日光温室风载体型系数的情况下,确定东北各区域日光温室大风掀棚风压和风速指标。从风荷载空间分布看,占据东北大部地区的Ⅰ和Ⅱ区有利于日光温室发展,其中辽宁的Ⅰ和Ⅱ区光热资源丰富,冬季温度较高,有效生长积温多,更适合日光温室发展。As the major load of greenhouse,the wind load directly influences the safety and economy of greenhouse structure. Based on the observation data of wind collected from 176 weather stations from 1981 to 2010,the maximum wind speed and pressure for 5,10,20,30 years return periods was calculated in Northeastern China by using extreme value type I distribution function. Combined with the structure characteristics of greenhouse in the Northeastern China,the wind pressure on greenhouse was determined,Finally gale disaster critical indexes of greenhouse was determined. The results showed:The eastern,Western and northern mountainous area is low value distribution area of the maximum wind speed and wind pressure,coastal area and Central Plains is the high value region,with the shortening of different return periods,the maximum wind speed and wind pressure decreased. The range of wind load on solar energy greenhouse of Northeastern China was(0.07~0.44)k N/m2,the high value zone of Wind speed and pressure were distributed in south coastal area of Liaoning,Liaohe Plain and the Sanjiang plain section area( III and IV),maximum average wind speed for 10 minutes up to(22~30)m/s,the wind pressure is(0.25~0.44)k N/m2;The low value zone of Wind speed and pressure were distributed in large parts of Jilin,Heilongjiang and Liaoning( I and II),the maximum average wind speed for 10 minutes is(11~22)m/s,the wind pressure is(0.07~0.25)k N/m2. It was found that the real basic wind pressure was different from which of standard load code;without considering the shape coefficient of Greenhouse,gale disaster critical indexes was determined for greenhouse in Northeast China,for the wind load distribution,I and II across much of the northeast area is advantageous to the development of greenhouse,taking into account the light and heat resources under the circumstances,liaoning I and II area to fit the development of greenhouse.

关 键 词：日光温室 风荷载 大风灾害 指标 东北 

分 类 号：S625[农业科学—园艺学]