玉米孤雌生殖单倍体高效诱导研究  

Study on in-vivo haploid inducing efficiency in maize

作　　者：刘晓鑫[1] 慈佳宾[1] 崔学宇 张野[1] 赵超[1] 杨伟光[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学农学院,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第4期35-43,共9页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目(2011AA10A103);国家科技计划项目(2011BAD35B01);农业部"948"项目(2011-G1-21)

摘　　要：【目的】分析不同因素处理下玉米单倍体诱导率的变化,以提出高效诱导玉米单倍体的技术措施。【方法】研究不同母本基因型、世代选择、生态环境、授粉时期、果穗部位等5个处理因素对玉米单倍体诱导率的影响。【结果】母本基因型间单倍体的诱导效率差异显著,但不同杂交模式与诱导率之间没有必然的联系;5大种质类群S1世代为单倍体最佳诱导世代;与长春吉林相比,海南三亚的生态环境更有利于提高单倍体的诱导率;早期授粉的单倍体诱导率高于晚期授粉;果穗底部籽粒的单倍体诱导率低于顶部籽粒。【结论】选择高频的母本材料、适宜的诱导世代、在合适的地点于吐丝早期进行单倍体诱导是单倍体诱导的最佳方案。【Objective】This study analyzed the change in inducing rate of maize haploid with different processing factors to propose new technique with efficient induction rate.【Method】Effects of five factors including of genotype of female parent,generation selection,ecological environment,pollination stage,and ear position on maize haploid inducing rate were analyzed.【Result】The haploid induction rates of different female parents were significantly different but the relationship between crossing pattern and induction rate was insignificant.S1 was the optimal induced haploid generation for five germplasm types.Compared with Changchun,it was better to increase the haploid inducing rate in Sanya.Early pollination had higher haploid inducing rate than late pollination and lower part of ear had the higher haploid inducing rate than top of ear.【Conclusion】To increase maize haploid inducing rate and optimize the haploid induction,female parents with high frequency,suitable genotype and S1 generation should be selected,and induction should be conducted in location with stable environment at early stage of silking.

关 键 词：玉米 单倍体育种 诱导率 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]