城市污水处理过程中溶解性有机物转化特性  

Transformation characteristics of dissolved organic matter in process of wastewater treatment

作　　者：金鹏康[1] 石彦丽 任武昂[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,西安710055

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2015年第1期1-6,共6页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51178376);陕西省污水处理与资源化创新团队项目(2013KCT-13);教育部新世纪优秀人才计划项目(NCET-12-1043)

摘　　要：运用反渗透技术对城市处理厂进出水中的溶解性有机物(DOM)进行浓缩富集,利用DAX-8大孔树脂将DOM分为亲水物质(Hy I)、类富里酸(FA)和类腐殖酸(HA)3种组分。研究表明,原污水中有机物各组分经生物处理后的总量去除近90%,各组分所占总TOC的百分含量在生化反应过程中也发生了变化:出水中HA组分有降低的趋势,平均下降9.77%,而FA和Hy I两大组分所占总和呈现上升趋势,其中类FA物质升高7.94%,而Hy I组分百分比略有下降。与进水相比,出水中Hy I、FA和HA组分在Ⅲ(色氨酸)、Ⅳ(酪氨酸)区的荧光峰全部消失,而在Ⅰ(类腐殖酸)、Ⅱ(类富里酸)荧光峰变化不大。SUVA和电位滴定结果表明出水有机物的结构发生变化,各组分的芳香性比进水有机物有所增加。研究结果表明,进水中的有机物在污水处理过程中,小分子物质可以被生物利用并形成新的代谢产物释放到水中,大分子物质却较难被生物利用,但在处理过程中其分子构造在一定程度上被微生物改变,系统的生化驯养可以达到构造改变的效果,从而影响出水各组分分子量变化。Dissolved organic matter( DOM) from influent and effluent of municipal wastewater plant was concentrated using a reverse osmosis( RO) system and the humic acid( HA),fulvic acid( FA) and hydrophilic( Hy I) were fractionated by the DAX-8 resin. The study showed that the removal efficiency was almost 90% but each fraction had complicated transformation after biological treatment. HA decreased 9. 77% in percentage of total TOC. However,the sum of FA and Hy I increased 7. 94%. Moreover,the percentage of Hy I decreased a little.Comparing with the influent Hy I,FA and HA,fluorescence peak of the effluent fraction in III( tryptophan) and IV( tyrosine) disappeared while I( humic-like) and II( fulvic-like) fluorescence peak did not change much.The results of SUVA and acid-base titration indicated the variation of the organic matter structures and aromaticity increased comparing with influent. It can be concluded that the influent organic matter with low molecular weight could be utilized by microorganism and produce new microbial products and high molecular weight organics was relatively difficult for microorganism to use. However,the structure of the high molecular weight organics was changed to a certain extent by microorganism,biological acclimation system could achieve the transformation of organic matter structure so that molecular weight of each fraction in the effluent was affected.

关 键 词：城市污水 溶解性有机物 亲水性有机物 腐殖酸 富里酸 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]