美国联邦政府研发预算管理及对我国的启示  

American federal R&D budget management and its enlightenment to China

作　　者：张明喜[1] 

机构地区：[1]科学技术部中国科学技术发展战略研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《科学学研究》2015年第1期83-89,共7页Studies in Science of Science

基　　金：国家软科学研究计划项目(2010GXS1K008);北京市人民政府专家咨询委项目(Z121108002112007)

摘　　要：重点剖析了美国联邦政府研发预算形成过程、编制周期、预算公开、绩效管理,充分反映了研发预算在财政总预算中的重要性,其编制方式及程序的严密性,监督及绩效机制的有效性等值得学习借鉴。在归纳联邦政府研发预算启示基础上,提出加强科技预算宏观统筹与权力制衡,健全预算公开和增加透明度,优化中央财政科技投入结构,发展和完善绩效评价机制等政策建议。This paper analyzed American federal R&D budget process,preparation cycle,budget performance management. It reflects the importance of R&D budget in fiscal budget fully. The tightness of the preparation methods and procedures,supervision and performance mechanism is very effective,which is worth of learning. Based on the Federal Government R&D budget implications,this paper put forward some measures and policy suggestions. Firstly,strengthen the science budget macro planning and the balance of power.Secondly,we should perfect budget openness and transparency and optimize the structure of the central financial investment in science and technology. Besides,develop and better the performance evaluation mechanism.

关 键 词：研发预算 财政科技支出 美国预算 

分 类 号：F817.12[经济管理—财政学]