污泥淋溶器的改进对重金属淋溶行为的影响  

Effect of modification of sludge fertilizing container on leaching of heavy metals from sewage sludge

作　　者：许田芬[1] 崔理华[2] 吴启堂[2] 孙岩[2] 胡启智 

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学基础学院,广州510182 [2]广东省高校土壤环境与废物资源农业利用重点实验室 华南农业大学资源环境学院,广州510642 [3]广东省水文地质大队水工环地质调查二所,广州510510

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2015年第2期919-924,共6页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2009B030802016,2010B031800006,2009A020101005);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41071306);广州医科大学校基金资助项目(L135041)

摘　　要：为增强污泥淋溶器固定污泥重金属的效果,降低其淋滤液中重金属含量从而更加安全地农业利用,在前期研究基础上对污泥淋溶器进行了改进,实验不同高度开孔和在污泥中间垂直放置黑网两个改进措施。研究表明,距淋溶器底部2 cm处开孔,污泥淋滤液的Cd和Cu总量显著低于底部开孔(原始污泥淋溶器)。淋溶器底部2 cm形成厌(缺)氧层使得下层硫化物态Zn、Cd和Cu含量显著高于孔的上层,提高了污泥重金属的生物稳定性。添加中间黑网可显著降低污泥淋滤液Cu总量。上述污泥淋溶器的两个改进措施均可有效固定污泥中某些重金属,减小污泥淋滤液重金属累计总量,促进污泥淋滤液更安全农用。Sludge fertilizing container(initial fertilizing container) with addition of fixation reagents can reduce the contents of heavy metals in sludge leachates.In this study,fertilizing container was modified to improve the immobilization of heavy metals in sewage sludge and to reduce the amounts of heavy metals leached from sewage sludge.Two modifications were conducted on the initial sludge container.Firstly,the container was holed at height of 2 cm from the container bottom,instead of 0 cm for the initial sludge container.This treatment might create a 2 cm anaerobic layer which made heavy metals transformed into more stable sulfides.Secondly,a black nylon net was vertically inserted in the center of the sludge which might improve the contact of leachate with sewage sludge before flowing out of the sludge container.Results showed that the cumulative amounts of Cd and Cu in leachates from the sludge container holed at the height of 2 cm were less than that of 0 cm(initial sludge container).But there was no significant influence for Zn between the two treatments.For the anaerobic layer of sludge at the container bottom,the sulfides amounts of Zn,Cd and Cu were significantly higher than that for the upperlayer.Therefore the biostability of heavy metals in sewage sludge was improved with the container holed at 2 cm.The amounts of Cu in sludge leachates were reduced significantly by adding the black nylon net in the center of sludge.The contents of Zn,Cd and Cu in sludge leachates during two experiments were all conformed to the Chinese irrigation water standards.In one word,the two proposed modifications of sludge fertilizing container were effective to improve the immobility of heavy metals in sewage sludge and to reduce the amounts of heavy metals in sludge leachates which will be safer for the agricultural land application.

关 键 词：污泥 淋溶器 淋滤液 重金属 改进措施 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]