大田条件下施加组配改良剂对蔬菜吸收重金属的影响  

Effect of combined amendment on vegetable absorption of heavy metals under field conditions

作　　者：刘丽[1,2] 吴燕明[1] 周航[1] 邓贵友[1] 廖柏寒[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学环境科学与工程研究中心,长沙410004 [2]长沙环境保护职业技术学院,长沙410004

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2015年第3期1489-1495,共7页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：农业部公益性行业科研专项(201503104);环保部公益性行业科研专项(201009047);湖南省农业厅项目(湘农业联2014-137-2);湖南省重点学科建设项目(2006180)

摘　　要：通过向湘南某矿区周边重金属污染的农田施加不同添加量(0、2、4和8 g/kg)的组配改良剂HS(海泡石+石灰石),分析农田土壤理化性质变化和土壤重金属及其交换态含量的影响、空心菜和辣椒可食部位和根部位重金属含量的影响。结果表明,施用2~8 g/kg组配改良剂HS能使2种蔬菜土壤p H值和CEC含量显著增加,使交换态重金属含量大幅降低,且不同程度地降低了空心菜和辣椒可食部位及根部位的重金属含量。与对照相比,空心菜和辣椒可食部位重金属Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn的降幅分别为:21.1%~47.5%、6.5%~31.0%、57.7%~80.0%、65.3%~92.0%和27.3%~74.5%、29.8%~62.0%、55.4%~76%、37.8%~77.1%;根部位的重金属含量也有明显降低。当添加量为8 g/kg时,2种蔬菜可食部位和根部位重金属含量降低幅度最大。由此可知,组配改良剂HS的施用对2种蔬菜吸收土壤重金属起到有效的抑制作用。A combined amendment( HS,limestone + sepiolite) was applied to soil with multi-metal( Pb,Cd,Cu and Zn) contamination at ratios of 0,2,4,and 8 g / kg in order to analyze the effects of HS on soil physical and chemical properties,contents of exchangeable heavy metals in the tested soils and in the edible parts and roots of water spinach and hot pepper. The experimental results indicated that application of HS significantly increased soil p H values and cation exchange capacity contents,but decreased contents of exchangeable heavy metals in the tested soils and in the edible parts and roots of water spinach and hot pepper. Compared with the control soil,the contents of Pb,Cd,Cu and Zn in edible parts of water spinach and hot pepper decreased by21. 1% ~ 47. 5%,6. 5% ~ 31. 0%,57. 7% ~ 80. 0%,65. 3% ~ 92. 0% and 27. 3% ~ 74. 5%,29. 8% ~62. 0%,55. 4% ~ 76%,37. 8% ~ 77. 1%,respectively,as a result of 0. 2% to 0. 8% addition of HS. The contents of heavy metals in the roots of water spinach and hot pepper decreased obviously. The contents of heavy metal in the edible parts and roots of two kinds of vegetables were the lowest in the tested soils at HS ratio of0. 8%. It was clear that application of HS to the contaminated soil effectively restrained soil heavy metals transferring to two kinds of vegetables.

关 键 词：土壤 蔬菜 组配改良剂 重金属 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X173