运行条件及温度对陈垃圾反应器效能的影响及菌群结构分析  

Effect of operating conditions and temperature on efficiency of aged refuse bioreactor and microbial community structure analysis

作　　者：张琪[1] 戴淑萍[1] 谢冰[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学环境科学系上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室,上海200241

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2015年第4期1742-1746,共5页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31370510,313111197);上海市科委国际合作项目(13520720600)

摘　　要：以上海老港填埋场填埋垃圾为填料构建陈垃圾反应器,通过调节反应器的水力负荷、回流比以及所处的环境温度,考察了反应器对成熟垃圾渗滤液中氨氮(NH3-N)、总氮(TN)、BOD5和COD处理效果的影响,同时采用PCR-DGGE方法分析了不同条件下微生物群落结构的变化。结果表明,在15℃温度下,水力负荷由8.5 L/(m3·d)升高至17 L/(m3·d)时,反应器对污染物BOD5和NH3-N的去除效率没有改变,而对COD和TN的去除效率有明显提升;当增加回流时,反应器对污染物的去除效果没有显著差异,未能提高脱氮效率;当环境温度从15℃提高到30℃时,NH3-N和BOD5接近完全去除,COD的去除率从73.1%提高到82.4%,TN的去除率从27.3%提高到43.7%,明显提高了反应器效能。群落结构分析表明,在本研究条件下增加回流比对反应器中细菌群落结构影响不大;提高水力负荷使得上部群落结构多样性提高;而温度提高时,反应器上、下部细菌的种类数量都明显增加,多样性提高。表明在陈垃圾反应器运行时,环境温度对其效能和群落结构的影响较大。The aged refuse from Shanghai Laogang landfill were used as carriers to build the bioreactor. The removal efficiency on NH3-N,TN,BOD5 and COD of the mature leachate in terms of various hydraulic loads,recirculation ratios and different temperatures as well as the microbial community structure were investigated. The results show that when hydraulic load of aged refuse bioreactor increases from 8. 5 L /( m3·d) to 17 L/( m3·d),removal efficiency of NH3-N and BOD5 change less,and that of COD and TN increase significantly,which indicating hydraulic load has limited effect on enhancing efficiency of reactor. While it would be impossible to improve the efficiency of denitrification by adding the circulation. When the temperature increases from 15℃ to30℃,NH3-N and BOD5 can be completely removed. The removal efficiency of TN increases from 27. 3% to43. 7% and that of COD increases from 73. 1% to 80. 5%,showing that increasing temperature could improve performance of reactor. The result of the bacterial community structure shows that adding circulation has a little effect on community structure,while increasing hydraulic load enhances diversity of community structure in the top of the reactor. When increasing temperature,the bacterial amounts in both top and bottom of reactor increase.It is concluded that the temperature plays greater effect on performance and community of aged refuse bioreactor.

关 键 词：水力负荷 回流 温度 陈垃圾反应器 微生物群落结构 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X172