山东半岛冷流强降雪和非冷流强降雪的对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of Cold-Air Snowstorm and Non-Cold-Air Snowstorm in Shandong Peninsula

作　　者：李丽 张丰启 施晓晖[3] 

机构地区：[1]山东威海市气象局,威海264200 [2]山东青岛市气象局,青岛266003 [3]中国气象科学研究院灾害性天气国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《气象》2015年第5期613-621,共9页Meteorological Monthly

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41275050)资助

摘　　要：利用1981—2000年常规气象观测和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,采用合成分析和动力诊断分析方法,对冷流强降雪与非冷流强降雪的空间分布、大气环流、水汽输送、稳定度和垂直运动进行对比分析。结果表明:冷流强降雪是发生在槽后西北气流里的中小尺度不稳定降雪,非冷流强降雪是发生在槽前西南气流中大尺度稳定性降雪。冷流强降雪具有明显的地方性特点,是强冷空气对下垫面物理状态强迫响应的结果。提出强冷空气与渤海暖水面相互作用产生的大气边界层不稳定是产生冷流降雪的本质,在这种边界层不稳定层结中发生的降雪是冷流降雪的概念。According to the conventional meteorological observation over the period 1981-2000 and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data,coupled with synthetic analysis and power diagnostic analysis method,the paper illustrates the spatial distribution of cold-air snowstorm and non-cold-air snowstorm,atmospheric circulation,vapor transportation,stability and vertical motion and does comparative analysis.The results indicate that cold-air snowstorms are meso- and micro-scale snowfalls which occur in the northwest air flow behind trough,while the non-cold-air snowstorms tend to occur in southwest air flow in front of trough,usually large-scale snowfalls.Cold-air snowstorms have distinct local characteristics,resulting from the response of strong cold air to the physical condition of underlying surface.In addition,this paper proposes that the unstability of atmospheric boundary caused by the strong interaction of cold and warm waters of the Bohai Sea is the nature of cold-air snowfalls,and the snowfalls occurring in such unstable stratification of boundary layer is the concept of cold-air snowfalls.

关 键 词：山东半岛 冷流降雪 对比分析 海气相互作用 冷流降雪概念 

分 类 号：P426.63[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]