基于DEA的中国工业污染治理效率  

Industrial pollution abatement efficiency in China based on DEA model

作　　者：尹怡诚[1,2] 刘云国[1,2] 许乙青[3] 刘少博[3] 郭一明[1,2] 胡新将[1,2] 李江[1,2] 王亚琴[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学环境科学与工程学院,长沙410082 [2]湖南大学环境生物与控制教育部重点实验室,长沙410082 [3]湖南大学建筑学院,长沙410082

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2015年第6期3063-3068,共6页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41271332)

摘　　要：以用于工业污染治理的资金和设备为投入指标,以工业废水达标排放率和废水重复利用率、工业废气排放削减率、工业固体废物综合利用率和处置率为产出指标,利用DEA模型将污染治理的综合技术效率分解为纯技术效率和规模效率,分析影响污染治理效果的制约因素,为改善治理效果提供依据。结果表明,以1999年为转折点,工业废水治理的制约因素由纯技术效率转为规模效率。1997—2002年,工业废气的种类和性质变化以及废气的复合型污染提升了对废气处理技术的要求,纯技术效率偏低;2002年以后,纯技术效率和规模效率发展不相协调,废气治理投入的资源利用率偏低。1995—2005年,固体废物污染治理的规模效率较高,纯技术效率为污染治理的制约因素;2005年以后,纯技术效率有所提升,但波动较大。整体而言,工业废水治理的多年平均综合技术效率、纯技术效率和规模效率均最高,废气次之,固体废物最低,表现出明显的不均衡性。The DEA model was developed to decompose the technical efficiency of industrial pollution abatement into pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency,which facilitated identifying the restraining factor of pollution abatement. Capitals and devices used for pollution abatement were regarded as input indexes. The standard discharge rate and reuse rate of wastewater,reduction rate of waste gas,utilization rate and disposal rate of industrial solid waste were output indexes. Due to the increasing wastewater volume and complex pollutant constituents produced by the fast-growing industries,the pure technical efficiency of wastewater was the restraining factor over the year 1995—1999. Since the waste gas treatment technology did not improved accordingly with changes in waste gas properties and pollution types,the pure technical efficiency of waste gas was on the low side over the year 1997—2002. After 2002,an incompatible development was showed between technical efficiency and scale efficiency. During 1995—2005,the scale efficiency of solid waste was much higher than the pure technical efficiency. Since 2005,the pure technical efficiency has increased basically but fluctuated greatly. As a whole,the multi-year mean efficiency of wastewater was the highest,the efficiency of waste gas was comparatively lower and that of the waste solid was the lowest.

关 键 词：工业污染 DEA模型 综合技术效率 纯技术效率 规模效率 

分 类 号：X322[环境科学与工程—环境工程]