中国和白俄罗斯钾肥资源合作态势与潜力研究  

Potential and progress of potash resource cooperation between China and Belarus

作　　者：李泽红[1] 李富佳[1] 董锁成[1] 石广义[1] 李宇[1] 李飞[1] 朱少卿[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]陕西师范大学,西安710062

出　　处：《资源科学》2015年第6期1295-1303,共9页Resources Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(41101117;41301637)

摘　　要：钾肥是保障粮食安全的重要物质之一,因钾盐资源匮乏,中国钾肥消费对外依存高,建立多元化的国际合作机制对保障中国钾肥供给安全具有重要战略意义。白俄罗斯地处全球地缘政治格局的心脏地带和丝绸之路经济带的枢纽地区,在俄乌危机背景下,其战略地位更加突出。近年来,白俄罗斯国内金融危机加速了其与中国全面战略伙伴关系的建立,中白合作进入关键机遇期,钾肥资源合作已成为中白两国元首确定的优先合作领域之一。白俄罗斯钾盐资源优势突出,钾肥产业基础良好;中国钾肥生产量和消费量均持续上升,但供需缺口依然很大,钾肥供给在较长一段时期还要依靠进口。目前白俄罗斯已成为中国第三大钾肥进口国,中白两国在钾盐资源本底、资源市场、开发技术和资金等方面互补性强,合作潜力大。但中白钾肥资源合作面临着进展缓慢、风险加剧、第三方干预等问题,建议积极推进中白钾肥企业股权合作,共同建立风险防范机制,规避钾肥合作过程中可能存在的政治风险和经济风险。Potash is an important material food security concern for China where supply is dependent on foreign supply because of a lack of potassium in China. It is strategically significant for China to establish a diversified international potash resource cooperation mechanism. Belarus is located in the heart of the global geopolitical pattern and a hub in the Silk Road Economic Belt.Under the background of the Ukraine crisis,its strategic position has become more prominent. In recent years,the domestic financial crisis in Belarus accelerated the establishment of a comprehensive strategic partnership between Belarus and China,and cooperation faced a key opportunity. Potash resource cooperation is one of the preferred directions of cooperation determined by leaders of China and Belarus. In Belarus,potash production is huge and the potash fertilizer industry is a pillar industry. Potash fertilizer production and consumption in China are rising and Belarus has become China's third biggest importer of potash. China and Belarus have strong complementarities and great potential for cooperation in the field of potash resource reserves,markets,and technical and financial development. The potash resource cooperation between China and Belarus is faced with some problems,such as slow progress,risks and third-party intervention. We suggest the active promotion of potash enterprise equity cooperation between China and Belarus,jointly establishing risk prevention mechanisms,and avoiding possible political and economic risks.

关 键 词：钾肥资源 合作潜力 地缘战略 白俄罗斯 中国 

分 类 号：F416.72[经济管理—产业经济]