柑橘炭疽病菌的分离、鉴定及在果实上的潜伏侵染特性  

Isolation,identification and latent infection characteristics of citrus anthracnose pathogens

作　　者：李菲菲[1] 龙超安[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省农业科学院园艺研究所,长沙410125 [2]华中农业大学园艺林学学院.园艺植物生物学教育部重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《果树学报》2015年第1期108-114,176,共8页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31171773)

摘　　要：【目的】明确柑橘炭疽病原菌的种类及其潜伏侵染特性,为柑橘病害防控提供理论依据。【方法】对采自湖北省3个地区的炭疽病样品进行病原菌的分离、形态学特征观察和致病性测定并采用r DNA-ITS序列分析法对代表菌株T4进行分子鉴定。此外,通过组织分离法,研究炭疽病菌在柑橘花器和发育期果实上的潜伏情况。【结果】获得的19株致病菌均为胶孢炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides),但菌株间的致病力存在明显差异;T4菌株的测序结果与NCBI已登录的胶孢炭疽菌序列(FJ459917.1,FJ459916.1)比对发现,一致性达100%。柑橘炭疽病菌在花器和果实上的潜伏侵染呈一定的规律性:花器官中,花瓣的带菌率最高;果实上,果蒂和脐部带菌率最高,其次为果柄部位。【结论】研究区域的柑橘花和果实均携带胶孢炭疽病菌,该病菌具有潜伏侵染的特性。生产上要重视花期的病害防控,果实采后贮藏时需重视对果蒂部、脐部及果柄部位的消毒处理。【Objective】The present study aimed at species identification and latent infection characteristics of citrus anthracnose pathogens,providing scientific basis for prevention and control measures.【Method】Pathogen isolation, morphological characteristics observation and pathogenic test were performed using citrus samples collected from three areas in Hubei Province. Molecular identification by r DNA-ITS sequencing for representative strain(T4) was performed as well. Furthermore, the latent infection characteristics of anthracnose pathogens on citrus flowers and fruits were conducted by tissue isolation method.【Result】The results showed that 19 single-conidial isolates of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides were obtained,but they showed significant differences in pathogenicity. rDNA-ITS sequence of T4 showed 100% identity with that of C. gloeosporioides(Gen Bank accession No. FJ459917.1, FJ459916.1). The latent infection ofanthracnose pathogens on citrus flowers and fruits exhibited regularity:petal showing the highest carrying-rate in floral organs,pedicle and umbilicus exposing the highest carrying-rate in fruit, following by fruit stalk.【Conclusion】Anthracnose pathogens were found in flowers and fruits from all three researching areas, and they exhibited latent infection characteristics in citrus fruits. It is critical to control anthracnose pathogens at flowering stage and to disinfect fruit pedicle, umbilicus and stalk before storage.

关 键 词：柑橘 炭疽病菌 致病性 r DNA-ITS 潜伏侵染 

分 类 号：S436.66[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]