核电厂流出物低水平放射性核素监测问题的探讨  

Discussion on low-level radionuclide monitoring for nuclear power plant effluent

作　　者：袁之伦[1] 潘自强[2] 张艳霞[1] 陈晓秋[1] 李宏宇[1] 黄东辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部核与辐射安全中心,北京100082 [2]中国核工业集团公司科技委,北京100822

出　　处：《辐射防护》2015年第1期1-8,共8页Radiation Protection

摘　　要：核电厂流出物低水平放射性核素监测能力是评价核电厂放射性流出物排放量的保证。为了探讨我国核电厂流出物监测管理存在的问题,通过改变运行核电厂常规采样、测量方式,实验研究了核电厂流出物低水平放射性核素活度水平及其探测限,并探讨了核电厂现行数据处理的计算结果与实际排放之间的差距。研究结果表明,流出物中低水平放射性核素的实际水平远低于其现阶段排放量统计水平,确实成为了我国核电厂统计排放量偏高的因素之一。在此基础上给出了建立核电厂流出物监测探测限指标监管要求和低水平监测结果数据处理的建议。The ability of low-level radionuclide monitoring for nuclear power plant effluents guarantees the quality of radioactive discharge evaluation. By changing the conventional sampling and measuring methods of operating NPPs and experimental studies on the radioactivity level of NPP effluents and their detection limits,the existing problems in the country's effluent monitoring of NPPs are discussed in this paper. The author also analyzes the difference between the current data processing results of low-level radioactive nuclide in NPP effluents and the actual discharge measurement. The experimental results show that the actual level of low-level radionuclide effluent is far below its statistical discharge,which is indeed one of the possible contributing factors of higher statistical discharge of nuclear power plant in China. Suggestions on establishing regulatory requirements of effluent monitoring detection limits for a nuclear power plant and data processing approach for low level monitoring result are proposed lastly.

关 键 词：核电厂流出物 低水平 放射性核素 监测 探测限 监管要求 

分 类 号：TM623.8[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]