鹅头型汊道个体差异研究  

Study on Individual Differences Between Goose-head-shaped Anabranching Channels

作　　者：刘亚[1,2] 李义天[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]长江科学院水利部江湖治理与防洪重点实验室,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《四川大学学报（工程科学版）》2015年第2期8-14,共7页Journal of Sichuan University (Engineering Science Edition)

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务资助项目(CKSF2014017);国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(51379018);水利部公益行业专项资助项目(201401011)

摘　　要：鹅头分汊河道具有极度弯曲的平面外形与主支汊周期性移位交替的演变特性,在长江中下游广泛分布,但汊道之间平面形态及河势演变特征存在明显差异。以长江中下游鹅头分汊型河道演变分析为基础,从江心洲(滩)个数、汊道弯曲程度,河势演变周期长短、主支汊交替方式等方面总结了鹅头型分汊河道间的个体差异特征,并探讨了产生此差异的主要原因。结论表明,不同汊道进出口节点的走向及进口节点挑流作用的强弱是产生鹅头分汊型河道个体差异的主要原因:进出口节点转折角越大,鹅头型汊道越宽广;进口节点挑流作用越强,河势演变周期越短。Goose-head-shaped anabranching( GHA) river takes on extremely winding planform and periodical alternation of river regime. But the planform and fluvial features vary with individuals. To investigate the formation and evolution of GHA river,providing theoretical support to river regulation,the individual differences among GHA sub-reaches in the middle and lower Yangtze River and its causes were studied. Fluvial features of GHA sub-reaches as degree of bending,length of the evolutional cycles and extent of riverbed deformation were summarized. Major causes of the differences were revealed that alignment of the inlet nodes and intensity of water flow deflection bring about individual difference of the GHA channels. The larger the traverse angle of inlet-outlet nodes is,the wider the goose-head-shaped branch develops. The more intensely water flow deflects,the shorter the evolutional cycle is.

关 键 词：鹅头分汊河型 河谷地貌 个体差异 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]