中国制造业参与全球价值链的竞争力——基于世界投入产出表的国际比较研究  

China's Manufacturing Industry Competitiveness in Global Value Chains: International Comparison Based on WIOT

作　　者：陈文府[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽大学经济学院,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《产业经济研究》2015年第5期1-11,51,共12页Industrial Economics Research

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(11YJA790012);安徽省社科规划项目(AHSKF09-10D10);安徽大学博士科研启动经费项目(33190179)

摘　　要：本文运用最终产品增加值方法,提出了一个理解世界各国制造业参与全球价值链竞争力的框架,并利用世界投入产出数据库,评估了中国制造业参与全球价值链增加值创造的竞争力。研究发现,中国制造业最终产品本地增加值比重一定程度下降不等于制造业国际竞争力下降;在中国制造业规模扩张过程中,尽管制造业最终产品本地增加值比重经历了先降后升再降的波浪式变化轨迹,但是它一直远远大于出口贸易本地增加值比重,而且制造业增加值在世界制造业全球价值链中所占份额呈稳步上升趋势。制造业中具有显示性比较优势的细分行业多为劳动密集型低技术行业和中技术行业,从上个世纪90年代后期开始,在少数高技术行业逐渐获得显示性比较优势;中国制造业生产性服务化水平较低。大力发展中高技术制造业和不断提高中国制造业生产性服务化水平,是中国提升制造业国际竞争力的主要方向。The paper provides an analytical framework of understanding any country's manufacturing industry competitiveness in global value chains by the method of final product's value added and evaluates China's manufacturing competitiveness in global value chains. We find that the modest drop of the rate of local value-added in China's manufacturing final product does not mean the drop of international competitiveness of manufacturing; although the rate of local value-added in manufacturing final product change in waves with the scale expansion of China's manufacturing industry,it is far more than that in export and the share of manufacturing value added in global value chains of manufacturing industry is increasing gradually;most of the industries which have revealed comparative advantage are labor-intensive and low-tech industries,and middle-tech industries,while there are some high-tech industries which have revealed comparative advantage in the late 1990s; it is low in producer servitization of China's manufacturing industry. The main goals of the improvement of international competitiveness of China's manufacturing are that China must develop middle and high-tech manufacturing industries,and improve the level of producer service in China's manufacturing industry.

关 键 词：制造业竞争力 全球价值链 世界投入产出表 最终产品增加值 生产性服务 

分 类 号：F425[经济管理—产业经济]