从“循环历史观念”看古希腊史学与哲学之关系  

Relations between Historiography and Philosophy from the Perspective of the “Cyclic Historical Idea” of Ancient Greek

作　　者：史海波[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学世界史系,副教授。长春130012

出　　处：《经济社会史评论》2015年第3期96-105,128,共11页Economic and Social History Review

摘　　要：赫西俄德在《工作与时日》中首次清晰地记述了关于历史循环式发展"五个时代"的神话,其中的东方因素特别明显。"循环历史观念"在以后的历史发展中逐渐削弱了"东方"的和"神话"的成分,成为一种流行的哲学观念。主流的希腊历史记述,并没有体现这种所谓的"循环"。从整体来说,哲学与史学处于矛盾状态,哲学给历史学提供了坚实的知识基础和学术土壤,但是更倾向于把转瞬即逝的历史事件当成基本的素材而已。但希腊的历史学一直保持着自身的传统和准则,从来没有试图走入哲学的围城。历史学与哲学,如同古希腊的信仰与理性,在矛盾中处于均衡状态。Hesiod depicted the myth of fi ve ages in his 'work and days', which is rich in oriental elements. That's the first clear description of 'cyclic historical idea' of ancient Greek. In later historical process of development, the 'cyclic historical idea' weakened the ingredients of the 'east' and 'myth' gradually, and became a kind of popular ideal of philosophy. But the mainstream of historiography, did not refl ect this so-called cyclic historical idea. Under a contradictory background between philosophy and historiography, philosophy provided solid knowledge foundation and academic soil for historiography, but inclined to take ephemeral historical events as the basic material. Historiography maintained its own tradition and criterion, and never wanted to enter the fi eld of philosophy. Historiography and philosophy, as the faith and reason of ancient Greece, are in the condition of equilibrium though in the condition of contradiction at the same time.

关 键 词：循环 历史 哲学 

分 类 号：K125[历史地理—历史学]