贵州平正仡佬族头面部体质特征  

Anthropometry in the head-face of Gelao nationality of Pingzheng in Guizhou

作　　者：唐立俊[1,2] 喻晓丹[1,2] 邹双红 陈开琴[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]遵义师范学院人体解剖学生理学教研室,遵义563002 [2]遵义师范学院贵州省赤水河流域动物资源保护与应用研究特色重点实验室,遵义563002 [3]遵义师范学院图书馆,遵义563002

出　　处：《解剖学杂志》2015年第5期606-609,共4页Chinese Journal of Anatomy

基　　金：贵州省普通高等学校特色重点实验室(黔教合KY字[2013]118)

摘　　要：目的:探讨贵州平正仡佬族头面部体质特征以及是否存在性别差异,并与我国其他4个仡佬族和贵州其他族群进行比较,找出亲缘关系远近,为赤水河流域少数民族体质人类学研究积累资料.方法:对世居在贵州平正仡佬族的349名(男167人,女182人)年龄在20～59岁的仡佬族进行头面部活体观察和测量;采用聚类分析,选择欧氏距离值,比较其亲缘关系.结果:测量的体质特征有23项差异具有统计学意义,即头宽、鼻长、颏高、头耳高、全头高、头长、额最小宽、两耳屏宽、面宽、两眼外角宽、左眼裂宽、右眼裂宽、鼻宽、鼻深、口裂宽、唇高、全上唇高、全下唇高、容貌面高、左容貌耳长、右容貌耳长、形态面高以及头冠状围;平正仡佬族男女发色都以黑色为主,多为直发,前额发际多为平型;肤色都以褐色为主,眼色大部分为黑褐色;眼裂倾斜度都以水平为主,上眼睑大部分有皱褶,且多为短睫毛,眉毛密度男性以中等居多,女性以稀少居多;鼻背形态多为直型,鼻尖方向男性以下垂多见,女性以水平为主,鼻孔形状大部分为椭圆形;上唇皮肤前凸度以正唇为主,且红唇厚度大多为中等;耳垂形状以方形多见,耳垂外展度都以中等居多;颧部突出度都以中等占优势,颏部向前突出度直型居多.平正仡佬族男女性都以圆、高、阔头型为主;面型以超狭面型多见;男性以中鼻型为主,女性以狭鼻型多见.结论:平正仡佬族头面部体质特征大部分存在性别差异;男女性都与贵州习水苗族亲缘关系最近.Objective:To study the physical anthropology and sex difference in the head-face of Gelao nationality of Pingzheng in Guizhou,to find out the kinship between this group and the other 4 nationality groups living in China and other groups living in Guizhou ethnicity,and to accumulate more data for the research on physical anthropology of the minorities at Chishui river basin.Methods:Measurements of the physical anthropology in the head-face of Gelao nationality adults,aged from 20 to 59,were carried out in 349 people(167 males and 182 females) living in Pingzheng in Guizhou.To compare the genetic relationship among different groups,data were processed by the cluster analysis,selecting euclidean distance.Result:The 23 indexes of physical anthropology in the head-face of males and females were statistically significant including head breadth,nose length,hohe der untergesichts,auricular height,total height of head,head length,minimal frontal breadth,intertragiar breadth,face breadth,external biocular breadth,left(en-ex) eye breadth,right(en-ex) eye breadth,nose breadth,nasal tip height,mouth breadth,(ls-li)lip height,(sn-so)total upper facial height,(sto-sm)total lower lip height,(tr-gn) physiognomic facial height,left(sa-sba) physiognomic ear length,right(sa-sba) physiognomic ear length,(n-gn)morphological facial height,and transversal circumference.Most males and females were lissotrichous and black and the forehead hair was straight Most males and females were having tint skin color and eye color was pitchy,and eyeslits was flat.Most of their palpebra superior had wrinkles and short eyelashes and the density of eyebrows was moderate on males and thin on females.Most males and females had straight contour of the nasal bridge and oval-shap nostrils,and the nasal tip was ptosis on males and flat on females.The upper lip was protruding and went beyond the lower lip;the total thickness of the lips was middling;the lobe tpes were mostly square and abduction was mostly middling,the anterior process of zygomatic projection

关 键 词：头面部 活体观察 活体测量 仡佬族 平正 

分 类 号：Q983[生物学—人类学]