顺层路堑边坡岩体爆破的层裂效应试验研究  

Test and Study of Lamination Effect Caused by Blasting of Cutting Slope in Layered Rock Masses

作　　者：吴青山[1] 张继春[1] 曹孝君[1] 陈勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学土木工程学院

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2004年第3期50-54,共5页China Railway Science

基　　金：铁道部工程管理中心怀化线科技研究项目

摘　　要：结合渝怀铁路顺层岩质地段路堑施工,通过对6次单孔爆破层裂试验中振速与声波探测结果的耦合分析,确定出该区岩体的临界质点振速为25 3cm·s-1。对8次深孔台阶爆破、浅孔台阶爆破和浅孔光面爆破地震波测量结果的回归分析与计算讨论表明,这3种爆破方式都会使边坡岩体产生不同程度的层裂效应,深孔爆破引起的岩体层裂范围达9 12m,而浅孔爆破则仅为2 18m～2 42m。对于顺层岩质地段路堑开挖,可采用主开挖区深孔爆破与缓冲爆破相结合、顺倾一侧边坡预留保护层浅孔爆破与光面爆破相结合的施工方案,能保证开挖爆破产生的层裂范围小于2 2m。In combination with the construction of layered rock cutting at Yuhuai railway, through the coupled analysis of the critical vibration velocity and acoustic wave detection of 6 single hole blasting lamination tests, this paper gives the critical vibration velocity as 25.3 cm&middots-1. Through the regression analysis and calculation discussion of the data of seismic waves measured in 8 tests of deep-hole bench blasting, shallow-hole bench blasting and shallow-hole smooth blasting, it is shown that all three blasting methods result in lamination effect of different extents. The lamination range of rock masses caused by deep-hole blasting extends to 9.12 m, but that of the shallow-hole blasting is only 2.18 - 2.42 m. For the excavation of layered rock cutting, it can be done with a combined method of deep-hole blasting and cushion blasting in the main excavating region while the combined method of shallow-hole blasting and smooth blasting is used in the projection layer on the side of down-layered slope. That can ensure the lamination range stays within 2.2 m.

关 键 词：岩体爆破 顺层边坡 层裂效应 临界质点振速 现场试验 

分 类 号：U213.13[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] TD235.14[矿业工程—矿井建设]