夏大豆田主要害虫和天敌群落结构的研究  

ON THE COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF MAJOR INSECT PESTS AND NATURAL ENEMIES IN SUMMER BEAN FIELD

作　　者：杨勤民[1] 孙敏[2] 徐玉芳 时爱菊 牟吉元[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学植保学院,山东泰安271018 [2]山东省农药检定所,山东济南250100 [3]泰安高等职业学院,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2004年第2期217-220,230,共5页Journal of Shandong Agricultural University：Natural Science Edition

摘　　要：1999年 7月 3日至 9月 17日于菏泽市成武县 ,系统调查了夏大豆田主要害虫及天敌的种群数量动态 ,并利用相对多度、丰富度、生态优势度、多样性指数和均匀度分析了其群落结构特征和动态。结果表明 :①在棉区夏大豆田共有害虫和天敌 4 9种 ,其中害虫 2 9种 ,天敌 2 0种。②棉叶螨和大豆蚜为优势种类 ,其优势度指数分别为0 .2 0 0 0～ 0 .95 5 9和 0 .1395～ 0 .70 83。③除 7月中、下旬由于施有机磷农药外 ,其余各期群落多样性指数 (H′)和均匀度 (J)均较大 ,分别为 0 .5 30 3～ 0 .984 3和 0 .4 2 5 2～ 0 .90 5 0。讨论了综合治理夏大豆田主要害虫的策略和措施。The population dynamics of major insect pests and natural enemies in summer bean field in cotton area were investigated in July 3～September 17 in Chengwu County, Heze Prefecture, Shandong Province. Based on the date of relative richness, abundance,ecological dominance, diversity index and evenness, the dynamics of community structure was analyzed. The results showed that: ①There were 49 species,including insect pests (29 species ) and natural enemies (20 species) in this summer bean field. ②Tetranychus urticae and Aphis glycines were the dominant species, their dominant indices ranged from 0.2000 to 0.9559 and from 0.1395 to 0.7083, respectively. ③Besides the second and last ten days of July (because using moncrotophos), the diversity index (H′0.5303～0.9843) and evenness (J 0.4252～0.9050) were rather higher than that of other periods. The strategy and measure of integrated management of major insect pests in summer bean yield were discussed.

关 键 词：大豆 害虫 天敌 群落结构 相对多度 丰富度 生态优势度 多样性指数 均匀度 

分 类 号：S435.651[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S476[农业科学—植物保护]