用同步辐射X射线相反衬成像研究PM_(2.5)诱导的大鼠肺炎  

Pneumonia caused in rats by PM_(2.5) aerosols:a synchrotron microradiograph study of lung tissue structural changes

作　　者：童永彭[1] 谈明光[1] 李燕[1] 陈建敏[1] 张桂林[1] 胡宇光[2] 蔡文利[2] 许培诚 Jung Ho Je 宋伟民[4] 蒋蓉芳[4] G.Margaritondo 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海应用物理研究所,上海201800 [2]"中央研究院"物理所 [3]Department of Material Science and Engineering,Pohang Unveristy of Science and Technology,Pohang,Korea [4]复旦大学公共卫生学院,上海200032 [5]IPA-Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne(EPFL),CH-1015 Lausanne,Switzerland

出　　处：《核技术》2004年第8期566-570,共5页Nuclear Techniques

基　　金：中国科学院创新工程重要方向性项目(KJCX2-SW-NO1)支持

摘　　要：应用中流量采样器采集典型工业污染区空气动力学直径小于2.5 μm的颗粒物(PM2.5)。用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)分析其元素含量。以SD大鼠为实验对象,进行一次性气管灌注PM2 5溶液0.4 mL(3.0g/L,pH≈6.8)染毒,对照组用生理盐水。1、2天后观察肺组织病理改变并应用同步辐射X-射线相反衬成像研究肺组织的形态特征变化。结果显示,染了毒的大鼠肺具有肺炎的特征,相反衬成像观察到对应的染毒组肺中具有许多气泡,而对照组没有;随染毒后时间的增加气泡增多,对应的病理切片特征也显示炎症的增加,同时观察到,肺出血是在含有气泡部位出现,其间的肺泡也萎缩。结果提示了在颗粒物染毒诱导大鼠肺炎过程中,肺泡排气功能丧失导致局部空气滞留于肺泡中,进一步炎症引起肺出血继而导致肺细胞死亡的机制。PM2.5 aerosol solution was instilled into Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats' lungs that were then extracted and examined by synchrotron refractive-index microradiography. The instilled lung tissues were fixed by formalin and the corresponding lung tissues for histopathologic study were embedded in paraffin. X-ray microradiographs revealed an increase in the number of air filled vesicles that correlated with inflammation derived from histopathologic graphs. Microradiography also detected bleeding in some areas of the inflamed lung tissue with trapped air. These results suggest that the physiologic functions of the lung alveolus change shortly after inflammation and that bleeding areas develop from areas where air is trapped - eventually leading to lung cell death.

关 键 词：同步辐射 X显微成像 相反衬 鼠肺 PM2.5毒性 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]