沉积模拟的基本数学模型及其在第四纪研究中的应用  

BASIC MATHEMATICAL MODELS FOR SEDIMENTARY PROCESS SIMULATION AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN .QUATERNARY GEOLOGY

作　　者：刘素华 刘承祚[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地质研究所

出　　处：《第四纪研究》1993年第2期142-156,共15页Quaternary Sciences

摘　　要：内容提要本文扼要介绍了沉积模拟的基本数学模型,其中包括十种随机模拟数学模型和十种确定模拟数学模型,阐明其简要原理和应用范围,并讨论它们在第四纪研究中的应用现状和前景。本文涉及的应用范围主要为:第四纪沉积环境、第四纪沉积物特征和成因类型。最后讨论了地质过程数学模拟的特点和意义、第四纪沉积过程数学模拟对提高第四纪地质学研究定量化水平的作用,以及进一步开展工作的方向。Quaternary geology is a dicipline which studies historic law of development of Quaternary geological processes. Among numerous Quaternary processes, sedimentary processes are the most important ones. Therefore, physical and mathematical modeling of sedimentary processes is of important significance for Quaternary research. This paper deals with basic mathematical models for sedimentary process simulation and their applications in Quaternary geology. Models of mathematical simulation of geological processes may be divided into stochastic models and deterministic models. Ten stochastic models and ten deterministic models are introduced in this paper. Ten stochastic models of sedimentary processes may be described as follows: (1) Markov process model Markov process is one kind of random processes. Markov chain is one form of Markov process and it is often used in simulation of sedimentary processes. Markov chain may be regarded as a sequence or chain of discrete states in time (or space), in which the probability of transition from one state to a given state in the next step in the chain depends on the previous state. Markov chains are successfully used in modeling of stratigraphic succession consisting of alternating beds of different lithologics. (2) Semi-Markov process model The often used form of Semi-Markov process model is Semi-Markov chain which is a method for studies of comprehensive law of alternative of stratigraphic succession and bed thickness distribution. Semi-Markov chain is an ideal model for simulation of some kinds of sedimentary processes. (3) Poisson process model Poisson process is one kind of random processes available for stochastic modeling of turbidity current sedimentation. If the duration of bed formation equals the waiting duation between turbidity currents, Poisson process may be used for simulating the distribution of bed thickness. Some results were obtained. (4) Random walk process model Random walk process is another kind of random processes and they are often used in simu

关 键 词：第四纪 地层 沉积 数学模型 

分 类 号：P534.63[天文地球—第四纪地质学]