从湿法炼锌渣中回收镓和锗的研究(下)——锈蚀法从铁粉提取镓与锗  

Recovery of Gallium and Germanium from Hydrometallurgical Zinc Residue(Ⅱ)——Extraction of Gallium and Germanium from Reduced Iron Powder by Corrosion Process

作　　者：李光辉[1] 董海刚[1] 黄柱成[1] 姜涛[1] 邱冠周[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学

出　　处：《金属矿山》2004年第8期69-72,共4页Metal Mine

基　　金：教育部优秀青年教师奖励计划资助

摘　　要：采用化学物相法研究了浸锌渣还原铁粉中铁、镓、锗的赋存关系。结果表明 ,镓、锗主要以固溶体形式与金属铁形成合金 ,物理方法不可能分离铁与镓、锗。对水溶液中金属铁、镓、锗的E - pH图的计算与分析表明 ,通过控制溶液pH值和电位 ,可使金属铁以针铁矿 (FeOOH)形式生成沉淀 ,而镓、锗分别以Ga3 +、H2 GeO3 (溶 ) 形式进入溶液。根据这一基本原理 ,开发了锈蚀法分离还原铁粉中镓、锗的新工艺。研究表明 ,在温度为 80℃、pH值为 1.0～ 1.5、双氧水流量为 0 .5mL/min的条件下锈蚀 6 0～ 80min ,可使金属铁粉中 90 %左右的镓、锗进入溶液 ,而铁形成针铁矿沉淀 ,较好地实现了铁与镓、锗的分离。The occurrence relationship between Fe and Ga and Ge in the reduced iron powder obtained from zinc residue, was analyzed by chemical phase method. The results showed that the gallium and germanium contacted with the metallic iron to form an alloy mainly in a form of solid solution,therefore,physical methods couldn't separate iron from gallium and germanium. The analysis of the E-pH diagrams of Fe-H 2O, Ga-H 2O and Ge-H 2O showed that under the controlled pH value and potential of the solution, the metallic iron might precipitate as goethite while gallium and germanium might dissolve into the solution as Ga 3+ and soluble H 2GeO 3.Based on this, a new technology for separating gallium and germanium from reduced iron powder by corrosion process was developed. The study indicated that 60～ 80 min corrosion at a temperature of 80 ℃, a pH value of 1.0～1.5 and a hydrogenperoxide flowrate of 0.5 mL/min could well realize the iron separation from gallium and germanium, with about 90% gallium and germanium in the metallic iron powder dissolving into the solution and iron precipitating as geothite.

关 键 词：湿法炼锌 化学物相法 锈蚀 镓 锗 E-pH图 

分 类 号：TF111.3[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]