高纯无水氯化镁制备技术的进展  

Progress in Preparation of High-purity Anhydrous Magnesium Chloride

作　　者：周桓[1] 袁建军[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学海洋科学与工程学院,天津300450

出　　处：《过程工程学报》2004年第3期276-281,共6页The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering

基　　金：天津市教育委员会科技发展项目(编号:20021001)

摘　　要：无水氯化镁是电解金属镁的原料,也是众多催化剂和医药的中间体.无水氯化镁的制备分为含水氯化镁的脱水和氧化镁的氯化两个途径.氯化镁脱水是以水合氯化镁、苦卤、光卤石为原料,利用有机溶剂蒸馏、分子筛吸附、气体保护加热、氯化镁氨络合物分解等技术进行脱水.六氨氯化镁是络合物分解法的重要中间体,其合成过程分为高沸点溶剂体系、水-氨体系、低沸点溶剂体系等不同的合成路径.氧化镁氯化转化是以菱镁矿、水镁石、氢氧化镁或氯化镁脱水产生的氧化镁为原料,分为气体介质中氧化镁的氯化和熔融盐介质中氧化镁的氯化.无水氯化镁制备技术经历几十年不断的探索,取得了一些进步,但彻底改变耗能高、污染腐蚀严重、流程复杂的工艺过程,开发流程简单、低污染腐蚀、低成本的绿色工艺仍然需要更深入的研究.Anhydrous magnesium chloride is the raw material of electrolyzed metal magnesium and an important intermediate of some catalyzers or medicines. Anhydrous magnesium chloride may be prepared from materials containing magnesium chloride such as magnesium chloride hydrate, carnallite or bittern by different dehydrating methods of organic solvent distillation or molecular sieve absorption, gas protective heating, discomposing the MgCl2-NH3 complex that can be composed from high boiling-point polar-solvent system, water-ammonia system, low boiling-point mixed-solvent system. On the other hand, anhydrous magnesium chloride may also be prepared by chloridizing magnesium oxide, which converted from magnesite, brucite, or Mg(OH)2, in gaseous medium, or molten salt medium. For several decade innovation, some progress has been made for the anhydrous magnesium chloride preparation. However it still needs more deep study to change the traditional technology from complex process, high cost, serious pollution and grievous eroding, into the green technology with simple process, low cost, non-pollution and non-eroding.

关 键 词：氯化镁 氧化镁 无水氯化镁 六氨氯化镁 水氯镁石 金属镁:脱水 

分 类 号：TQ420.6[化学工程]