北京和贵州地区儿童维生素A缺乏的影响因素分析  

Effective factors of vitamin A deficiency in Beijing and Guizhou in children

作　　者：蒋竞雄[1] 林良明[2] 刘玉琳[2] 马官福[2] 谈藏文[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心,北京100083 [2]首都儿科研究所,北京100020

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2004年第3期188-191,共4页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

基　　金：联合国儿童基金会营养项目基金资助 (YH1 0 1 1 3)

摘　　要：【目的】　了解北京和贵州地区儿童维生素A缺乏 (vitaminAdeficiency ,VAD)的现状和影响因素。　【方法】　从两地区各选择一市二县共 12 3 6名儿童 ,其中北京随机选择城区儿童 2 0 2名、农村儿童 42 6名 ;贵州随机选择城区儿童 2 0 7名、农村儿童 40 1名。各地调查儿童年龄范围均为 0～ 71个月。采用自行设计的膳食频率问卷表对每位被调查儿童询问调查前 1周儿童的饮食摄入情况 ,并采集儿童指血 2 0 0 μl,用微量荧光法检测血清VA值。 　【结果】　城区儿童血清VA水平 (平均 1.2 7μmol/L)明显高于农村 (平均 1.0 2 μmol/L) ;北京地区儿童血清VA水平(平均 1.17μmol/L)明显高于贵州地区 (平均 1.0 3 μmol/L)。各地区被调查儿童家庭收入也呈现贵州低于北京、农村低于城区的状况 ,儿童血清VA水平和家庭收入呈正相关 (r =0 .2 3 9,P <0 .0 1)。在所有调查地区中 ,贵州农村地区儿童血清VA水平最低 (平均 0 .92 μmol/L) ,家庭收入也最低 (年收入平均 180 0元 )。在调查的所有年龄组儿童中 ,婴儿组血清VA水平最低 ( 2 8.8μmol/L) ,可疑亚临床VAD发生率最高 ( 5 0 .0 %) ,血清VA水平与年龄呈正相关 (r =0 .13 2 ,P <0 .0 1)。儿童饮食摄入呈现明显的地区差异 。To obtain the information on vitamin A status and identify the effective factors of vitamin A deficiency(VAD) in Beijing municipality and Guizhou province in children. The sample in the study areas included 1 236 randomly selected children aged 0～71 months from stratified clusters. Among them, 628 children were from Beijing (202 in urban area and 426 in rural area) and 608 children were from Guizhou (207 in urban area and 401 in rural area ). All the children’s dietary intake for one week before the investigation was asked with a food frequency questionnaire.Fluorescence microanalysis was used to measure serum retinol concentrations. The cut off values of serum retinol <0.70 μmol/L and <1.05 μmol/L were defined as subclinical VAD and suspected subclinical VAD. The children in rural area had significant lower serum retinol (mean 1.02 μmol/L) than the children in urban area (mean 1.27 μmol/L). The children in Guizhou had the lower mean serum retinol (1.03 μmol/L) than the children in Beijing (1.17 μmol/L). The family income was also showed higher in urban area and in Beijing than in rural area and in Guizhou. There was a statistically significant positive liner correlation between serum retinol and family income ( r=0.239, P <0.01). In all the investigation areas, the children in rural area in Guizhou had the lowest serum retinol(0.92 μmol/L) and lowest family income. Among all the sample children, infants had the highest prevalence of subclinical VAD and the lowest mean serum retinol concentration. There was a statistically significant positive liner correlation between serum retinol and age ( r=0.132, P <0.01). The children in rural areas in Guizhou had the lowest serum retinol concentration and also the lowest frequency of intake of animal food. For each food item, the prevalence of suspected subclinical VAD was lower in children with high frequency of intake.[Conclusions] VAD appears to be a public health problem in rural area in Guizhou province. VAD was linked to low socio economic stat

关 键 词：维生素A缺乏 经济状况 饮食摄入 儿童 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]