白桦不同嫁接方法与成活率的关系  

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE GRAFTING METHODS AND THE SURVIVAL RATE OF BETULA PLATYPHYLLA

作　　者：苏显峰[1] 林代斌[1] 李莉[1] 夏德安[1] 姜英淑[1] 刘玉喜[1] 杨传平[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》1993年第6期6-12,共7页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

摘　　要：以5～6年生白桦野生苗作砧木,在15～17年生白桦优树上采集接穗,采用水培靠接、髓心形成层贴接、无顶芽劈接等10种方法进行嫁接,通过方差分析、相关分析、偏相关分析等方法对各种嫁接法的成活率、生长量及物候性状进行系统地统计分析研究。研究结果表明:白桦不同嫁接方法其成活率有显著差异,水培靠接与髓心形成层贴接成活率较高,分别是85.2％,47.4％;不同嫁接方法生长性状上差异显著,水培靠接法当年生长量和叶面积最大,其次是劈接和贴接;不同嫁接方法在萌动、展叶期等物候性状上也存在较大差异,水培靠接展叶期最早;展叶株率可作为嫁接成活率的早期预测指标。Betula plat.vph.vlla were grafted by means of the grafting methods such as inarch graft with bottle of water, approach graft between cambium and pith, cleft grafting without terminal buds and so on, making the five or six-year-old wild seedlings of Betula platyphvlla as rootstocks, and the superior trees of Betula platyphalla at the age of fifteen to seventeen years as scions. The survival rate, growing capacity and phenological characters of the different graft methods were studied systematically according to the analysis of variance, correlation and partial correlation. The results indicated that: There are significant differences among the various graft methods. The survival rates of inarch graft with bottle of water and approach grafting between cambium anti pith were higher than others. They are 85.2 percent and 47.4 percent respectively. The differences of the growth characters among the various graft methods were significant; the growing capacity of the current year and leaf area of inarch graft with bottle of water are the highest; cleft grafting and approach graft were the second. The different graft. methods have the remarkable difference of the phenological characters such as the time of sprout and leaf expansion etc.. Inarch graft with bottle of water expands leaves earlier: than the others. The rate of plants having expanded their leaves can be used as the index which can predict the survival rate at the early growth of the graft.

关 键 词：白桦 嫁接 成活率 

分 类 号：S792.150.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]