安徽羽叶报春和毛茛叶报春的微形态特征  

Study on micromorphological features of Primula merrilliana and P. cicutariifolia

作　　者：陈明林[1] 张小平[1] 李晓红[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学生命科学学院安徽省重要生物资源保护与利用研究重点实验室,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《植物资源与环境学报》2004年第3期18-24,共7页Journal of Plant Resources and Environment

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金(98242017);安徽师范大学校青年基金(2002XQN47);安徽省教育厅自然科学研究基金(2004kj178);安徽省重要生物资源开发与利用研究重点实验室基金;2004年安徽省高等学校青年教师科研基金(2004jg124)资助项目

摘　　要：　在扫描电子显微镜和光学显微镜下,观察了安徽羽叶报春(PrimulamerrillianaSchltr.)与毛茛叶报春(PrimulacicutariifoliaPax)的种子、花粉形态及表面纹饰与叶表皮形态结构。结果表明:2种类的种子都呈不规则七面体或多面体,多具五边形纹饰;安徽羽叶报春的种皮雕纹浅,网眼具许多小的乳头状突起;毛茛叶报春的种皮雕纹明显,网眼粗糙,具许多大的乳头状突起。2种类花粉均为球形,具散孔(孔数达10个以上),具网状雕纹。2种类的叶表皮细胞呈凹凸镶嵌状不规则排列,而在中脉处呈长方形或略带微波状长方形,上表皮细胞稍大;叶两面被腺毛,且顶端具水孔。气孔的分布属于偏叶下表面生长,在边缘处尤密,而在中脉处近无;相对而言,安徽羽叶报春的气孔略比毛茛叶报春的气孔小,且密度也低;电子显微镜下2种类的气孔外拱盖内缘光滑,保卫细胞外缘隆起明显,中间凹陷,其上着生的乳头状突起安徽羽叶报春不如毛茛叶报春明显。The characters of seeds, pollens, leaves and their ornamentation of Primula merrilliana Schltr. and P. cicutariifolia Pax in Primulaceae were observed by SEM and LM. The results indicate that the seeds of the two species appear irregularly heptahedral or polyhedral, with reticulate pentagonal ornamentation, but the ornamentation of P. cicutariifolia is coarser than that of P. merrilliana whose lumina have many smaller papillae. The pollens have all spheroidal outline, pancolpate aperture (≥10 pores), reticulate ornamentation. The walls of both upper and lower epidermal cells of the leaves are irregularly sinuate, inlayed with each other except for those in the midrib, where they appear rectangle or sinuolate rectangle. The leaves of the two species are covered with glandular hairs on two sides and borne with water pore on the top. The stomatal apparatuses belong to anomocytic type, which occur hypoamphistomatously with their distribution dense in edge of blade and absent in the midribs. Comparatively, the density of stomatal apparatuses in P. merrilliana is lower than that of P. cicutariifolia. The inner margin of the bulge of outer stomatal rim of the two species is smooth and the bulge of outer ledge of the guard cell is distinct under SEM. But the papillae on the cuticular membrane of P. merrilliana aren't as distinct as those in P. cicutariifolia.

关 键 词：安徽羽叶报春 毛茛叶报春 微形态特征 种子 花粉 表面纹饰 叶表皮 

分 类 号：Q949.773.2[生物学—植物学]