施肥对滇池流域农田土壤氮流失的影响  

Effect of Fertilizer Application on Nitrogen Loss from Farmland Runoff in Dianchi Watershed

作　　者：段永蕙[1] 张乃明[2] 张玉娟[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西财经大学环境经济系,太原030006 [2]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,昆明650201

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2004年第3期243-244,271,共3页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：云南省应用基础研究基金项目 (No.1999C0 0 11G)

摘　　要：采用模拟实验的方法 ,研究了滇池流域农田 N素的去向及施肥方法、不同肥料配方对农田 N流失的影响。结果表明 ,不同 N肥品种对农田 N的去向与利用率的影响不同 ,作物 (水稻 )对尿素的吸收利用率高于碳铵 ,施用碳铵的径流与渗漏损失大于尿素 ;合理的基肥比例及追肥次数 ,适当的种植密度及适量的 N、P、K肥配合既可提高白菜产量 ,又可降低径流中 N的流失量 ;不同改性肥料配方可以调控农田径流By means of simulation test, the movement state of nitrogen and effect of fertilizer application on nitrogen loss from farmland runoff were studied in Dianchi watershed. The result showed that the movement state and utilization ratio of nitrogen derived from chemical fertilizers varied with different fertilizer varieties, the assimilate nitrogen and utilization ratio of crops from urea were higher than from ammonium bicarbonate, among the fertilizer nitrogen loss from farmland runoff and leaching loss, ammonium bicarbonate application were higher than urea. The rational ratio between base fertilizer and top application, proper plant-growing density, moderate fertilizer application quantities could reduce nitrogen loss and heighten cabbage yield;the different compound fertilizers and improvement fertilizers could control nitrogen pollution loading from farmland runoff.

关 键 词：施肥 氮流失 非点源污染 滇池流域 

分 类 号：S147.2[农业科学—肥料学] X53[农业科学—农业基础科学]