利用TM监测中国西部沙漠化进程  

Using TM to Monitor the Desertification in West China

作　　者：卫亚星[1] 王莉雯[1] 王一谋[2] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学城市与环境学院,辽宁大连116029 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2004年第4期47-50,共4页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30100129);中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX1-Y-02)

摘　　要：利用陕西省、甘肃省、宁夏回族自治区、青海省、新疆维吾尔自治区和内蒙古自治区西部1986年和2000年的TM数据,通过全数字化解释,得出了土地利用/覆盖在14a内的变化情况。研究工具采用了遥感图像处理软件和地理信息系统软件,通过图像的增强、假彩色合成、几何精纠正、镶嵌、分幅,以及图形数据库和属性数据库的建立,分县统计出了6省的TM目视解释结果。土地利用/覆盖采用了3级分类体系,第1级分为耕地、林地、草地、水域、建设用地和未利用土地6大类。2000年,这6省沙漠、沙地和沙漠化土地面积为85425467hm2,占该地区总面积的26%,大多数位于新疆、内蒙古西部、青海和甘肃,新疆最多,为52035232hm2,占全自治区总面积的32%。14a来,6省新增沙漠化土地面积1610062hm2,已沙漠化土地重新被利用面积为291776hm2,净增1318286hm2,占总面积的0.40%。6类土地类型中,草地沙漠化最严重,达到797081hm2,占到了新增沙漠化土地的50%。TM data from 1986 to 2000 covering Shaanxi Province, Gansu Province, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Qinghai Province, Xinjiang Wei Autonomous Region and western Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were digitally interpreted to determine land use/cover modification. Remote sensing image processing software and Geographic Information System software were used in the research. Analysis methods included image enhancement, pseudo color composite, geometric rectification, mosaic and subset, and graphic database and attribute database establishment. The TM interpretation results for each county in the six regions were added. Three classification levels were adopted for land use/land cover. At the first level, six classes were used including cultivated field, forest, grassland, water body, urban and unused land. In 1986, the area of desert, sand field and desertified land across the six regions was 85 425 467 hm^2(26% of the total area), which was found mostly in Xinjiang, western Inner Mongolia, Qinghai and Gansu. Xinjiang was most severly affected, with 52 035 232 hm^2(32% of the region) affected. In 2000, the area of newly desertified land across the six regions had increased by 1 610 062 hm^2 and redesertified land covered 291 776 hm^2, resulting in a net increase of 1 318 286 hm^2(0.4% of the total region). Of the six land cover classes, grassland was most severly affected(797 081 hm^2) comprising 50% of the newly desertified land.

关 键 词：TM监测 中国 西部地区 沙漠化 

分 类 号：S288[农业科学—农业水土工程]