HIV-1的表型及其感染的细胞嗜性  

Phenotype and Cellular Tropism of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

作　　者：张驰宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学医学技术学院,江苏镇江212001

出　　处：《Zoological Research》2004年第4期363-368,共6页动物学研究（英文）

基　　金：江苏大学高级技术人才科研启动基金资助项目 ( 2 2 812 70 0 0 2 )

摘　　要：HIV-1的表型分为合胞体诱导型 (syncytium inducing ,SI)和非合胞体诱导型 (non syncytium induc ing ,NSI)。依据所用辅助受体和感染靶细胞的不同 ,HIV 1又被分为R5、X4和R5X4型。R5和X4型病毒分别利用CCR5和CXCR4作为辅助受体 ,而R5X4型病毒可利用这两种辅助受体。在病毒的复制力、细胞嗜性以及合胞体诱导能力上 ,SI型与X4型病毒一致 ,NSI型与R5型病毒一致。在HIV 1感染过程中 ,疾病的发展伴随着病毒从NSI型向SI型、及R5型向X4型的转变。HIV 1的表型影响和决定着HIV 1的感染、传播及AIDS的疾病进程。HIV 1的表型和细胞嗜性主要由病毒gp12 0的V3区 (特别是第 11和 2 5位的氨基酸 )决定。V3区的氨基酸序列信息 ,将为预测HIV 1的表型 ,以及病毒感染后的疾病进程提供生物信息学的依据。Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates are classified phenotyically into syncytium-inducing (SI) and non-syncytium-inducing (NSI) according to their capacity to induce syncytia in MT-2 cells.Strains of HIV-1 are also classified based on their co-receptor usage.Viruses using the seven-transmembrane,G-protein-coupled,chemokine receptor CCR5,CXCR4,or both are termed R5,X4,and R5X4,respectively.HIV-1 strains of SI and X4 appear to have identical biological properties such as replication rate,cell tropism,and syncytium-inducing capacity.NSI and R5 viruses also show identical biological properties.The phenotypes of HIV-1 influence and determine viral transmission,pathogenesis and disease progression.In the course of HIV-1 infection,disease progression is associated with a switch in viral phenotype from NSI to SI,and a change in co-receptor usage from CCR5 to CXCR4.The V3 domain of HIV-1 gpl20,specifically,amino acids at V3 position 11 and 25,play a dominant role in determinant of viral phenotype and co-receptor usage.V3 sequences provide important information for prediction of HIV-1 phenotype and disease progression using bioinformatics approaches.

关 键 词：HIV-1 表型 感染 细胞嗜性 辅助受体 人免疫缺陷病毒1型 艾滋病 

分 类 号：R373[医药卫生—病原生物学]