有限供水对夏玉米根系生长及底墒利用影响的研究  

Study on Effect Limited Water Supply on Growth of Roots and Soil Moisture Use of Summer Corn

作　　者：任三学[1] 赵花荣[1] 霍治国[1] 王素艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2004年第2期161-165,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家"十五"科技攻关项目(2001BA509B14);和"农业气象灾害(干旱和冷害)综合应变防御技术成果转化"项目共同资助

摘　　要：设计5种不同供水处理进行对夏玉米根系生长和底墒利用的影响试验。结果表明,有限供水对夏玉米根长的影响效应比根生物量显著,有限供水能促使夏玉米更多地利用土壤底墒,供水少,底墒利用率高,凸现出夏玉米对土壤缺水干旱的生理性适应机制和抗旱生态反应。5种供水处理以供水151.3mm,耗水190.1mm的夏玉米产量收获指数和水分利用效率最高。改变高水高产的传统耕作观念,推行有限供水,生育期内合理调配灌水量,提高水分利用效率,发挥土壤水库的调节作用,达到稳产又节水的生态农业目的。The experiments on the effect that five types of water supply treatment on the growth of roots and soil moisture use of summer corn are designed. The results indicate: the effect limited water supply on the roots length is remarkable than that on the biomass of root, and limited water supply can urge the summer corn to use soil moisture more, the water supply is little and the use of soil moisture is higher which reflects the physiological adaptation mechanism and drought-resistant ecological response of summer corn to drought caused by soil water deficiency. Among the five types of water treatment, when the water supply quantity is 151.3 mm and consumed water quantity is 190.1 mm, the harvest index and water use efficiency of summer corn are the highest. Changing the traditional cultivation concept of high harvest with high water supply, pushing limited water supply, properly arranging the irrigation during growing period, increasing water use efficiency and exerting the adjustment function of soil reservoir, then the ecological agriculture purpose of having steady yield with less water will be obtained.

关 键 词：有限供水 夏玉米 根系 生长发育 底墒利用 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S153