中口短咽吸虫Brachylaima mesostoma(Rud.,1803)Baer,1933的生活史研究(Trematoda:Brachylaimidae)  

STUDIES ON THE LIFE CYCLE OF BRACHYLAIMA MESOSTOMA (RUD., 1803) BAER, 1933 (TREMATODA: BRACHYLAIMIDAE)

作　　者：唐仲璋[1] 唐崇惕[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学寄生动物研究室,厦门361005

出　　处：《动物学报》1993年第1期13-18,共6页ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA

摘　　要：寄生于鸟类和哺乳类的短咽科(Brachylaimidae)中的短咽属(Brachylaima)吸虫经记述有60余种,但有关生活史的报道不上10种。本文报道在福州二种陆地蜗牛,Bradybaena similaris和Cathaica ravida sieboldtiana,体内所见的一种短咽类吸虫的幼虫期包括胞蚴,尾蚴和后期尾蚴的观察。因此成熟的后期尾蚴人工感染八哥(Acridotheres c.cristatellus)雏鸟获得中口短咽吸虫(Brachylaima mesostoma)的成虫。本吸虫的天然终宿主在福州有八哥和黑鸫(Turdus merulamandarinus)。This paper presents the result of studies on the life cycle of Brachylaima mesostoma in Fu-zhou, Fujian Province. The normal hosts of the trematode are Chinese crested myna, Acrido-theres c. critatellus (Linn.) and Chinese black bird, Turdus merula mandarinus Bonaparte. The molluscan intermediate hosts are the terrestrial snails, Bradybaena similaris Ferussac and Ca-thaica ravida sieboldtiana Pfeiffer. Each of them, when infected, serves as the first and second intermediaries, because the developed mature cercariae can migrate to the snail of the same species when they are in contact with each other especially during copulation. The development of the worm can be divided into the following stages:1. Adults living in the intestine of mynas and Chinese black birds, are 1.044-5.436 mm in length and 0.360-1.027 mm in width. They possess the most characteristic feature of this trematode species, Brachylaima mesostoma. 2. Egg and miracidium: The operculated egg is 0.036-0.054×0.018-0.027 mm (0.046×0.022 in average) in size. It contains a miracidium when laid. The miracidium is pear shaped. Its body length and width is 0.030×0.018 mm. On its anterior extremity, there is a rod-shaped stylet. The body of the miracidium possesses four cells arranged in two rows, with two cells in each row. Only one group of cilia in two rows arise from the level of hind row of cells above-mentioned and extend posteriorly over the end of the body.3. Sporocysts: There are two generations of sporocysts, mother sporocyst and daughter sporocyst, developing in the first intermediate host. Branched mother sporocyst is 2.19×0.81 mm in size. Branched daughter sporocysts fill the digestive gland, kidney and connective tissue of land snail host.4. Cercaria: Cercaria with a vestigial small tail is produced from the mature daughter sporocyst. The shape of cercaria is oval, however, it is broader anteriorly and gradually becomes narrower toward the tail. It possesses a short prepharynx, muscular pharynx, short oesophagus and intestinal arch. Two gro

关 键 词：中口短咽吸虫 生活 吸虫纲 

分 类 号：Q959.152[生物学—动物学]