山西省地方性砷中毒流行现状  

The epidemiological state of endemic arsenism in Shanxi province

作　　者：王正辉[1] 李军[1] 程晓天[1] 王三祥[1] 韩凌凌[1] 张杰[1] 段虎顺[1] 高建国[1] 桑志萍[1] 温新平[1] 贾清珍[1] 梁彬峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省地方病防治研究所,临汾041000

出　　处：《中国地方病学杂志》2004年第4期362-364,共3页Chinese Jouranl of Endemiology

基　　金：国家科技部社会公益研究专题基金项目(23060102)

摘　　要：目的探讨山西省地方性砷中毒病区暴露人群的病情程度和发病特点以及高砷水的分布规律,为科研防治工作提供科学依据。方法根据《中国地方性砷中毒分布调查实施方案》的要求,重点调查和抽样调查相结合,采用统一调查表对居民饮水砷和暴露人群进行流行病学调查。水砷检测用半定量快速试剂盒法,水氟检测用氟离子选择电极法。结果结合既往调查结果,目前山西省包括病区在内的高砷区共分布在8个市(地)、18个县(市、区)、44个乡(镇)、116个村,病人临床表现主要以色素脱失或色素脱失并角化为主。发病率随年龄增大而增加,男女患病率差异显著,男性高于女性,高砷水与当地地质结构和水文地质条件有着密切关系。结论山西省高砷暴露区域广、人数多、病情重,氟砷中毒并存。Objective To study the symptomatic degree and disease character of persons exposed to arsenic and the distribution of high arsenic water in the endemic arsenism area of Shanxi province. Methods According to the request of 'the implementation scheme of distribution of China endemic arsenic poisoning', using typical investigation and sample investigation, adopting unified questionnaire, an epidemiological investigation was made on arsenic content of drinking water and exposed people. The amount of water arsenic was determined by half-quantitative fast reagent-box method. The amount of water fluorine was determined by ion-selective electrode method. Results Considering the previous investigation results, at present, it was shown that the high arsenic areas in our province including endemic arsenism areas distributed in 18 counties (city, district), 44 townships (town) and 116 villages. The prevalence rate of arsenism increase with age. The prevalence rate of male was significantly higher than that of female. Major clinic manifestations were skin de-pigmentation and overkeratosis. The arsenic in water had close relations with local geological structure and hydrogeological condition. Conclusions There are wide region, large number of people and serious symptomatic in high arsenic areas in Shanxi. Fluorosis and arsenism are coexistent.

关 键 词：山西 地方性砷中毒 流行病学 检测 调查 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学]