郑州市儿童流行性感冒监测分析  

Analysis of children's influenza surveillance in Zhengzhou

作　　者：韩同武[1] 董蒲梅[2] 郑天柱[2] 乔荣宪[2] 张保华[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国协和医科大学协和公共卫生学院,北京100021 [2]郑州市疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科,郑州450053 [3]河南省疾病预防控制中心免疫预防与规划所,郑州450003

出　　处：《郑州大学学报（医学版）》2004年第4期642-644,共3页Journal of Zhengzhou University(Medical Sciences)

摘　　要：目的 :监测流行性感冒 (流感 )的流行趋势 ,追踪可能出现的流感病毒变异株 ,对流感流行尽可能作出较准确的预测预报 ,及时制定防制措施 ,降低流感对人类的危害。方法 :1 999年至 2 0 0 2年以郑州市儿童医院作为哨点医院 ,收集上呼吸道病例与门诊病例的总数 ,采集流感样病例咽拭子标本 71 8份 ,用鸡胚分离、MDCK细胞培养分离鉴定病毒。于 2 0 0 2年采集 4 4 7名 5～ 1 3岁儿童全血 ,进行红细胞凝集试验检测 3个型别流感病毒抗体水平。结果 :1 999年 1月至 2 0 0 2年 4月 ,上呼吸道感染病例占门诊病例的 6 0 .1 7%～ 6 9.0 3% ,2 0 0 2年 5～ 1 2月流感样病例占门诊病例的 1 0 .6 2 % ,分离出流感病毒 5 1株 ,其中H3N2、H1N1和B型分别占 4 9.0 2 %、2 9.4 1 %和 2 1 .5 7% ,健康儿童H3N2抗体阳性率和保护性抗体分别为 95 .30 %和 74 .2 1 % ,明显高于H1N1和B型 (P <0 .0 1 )。结论 :近年来H3N2、H1N1和B型在郑州市混合流行 ,H3N2为流行优势株 ,由于H3N2和H1N1抗体水平较高 ,如果病毒没有较大的变异和新毒株的出现 ,发病不会突然增多 ,但由于B型抗体水平较低 。Aim: To monitor epidemic trend of influenza and follow the trace of influenza variation strains so as to forcast influenza epidemic,formulate preventive policy, and reduce influenza harm to human beings. Methods: Zhengzhou Children Hospital was selected as sentry post to collect all respiratory cases and patients in outpatient from 1999 to 2002.Totally 718 samples as like influenza case were collected. All specimen were processed in chick embryos and MDCK cell culture.In total of 447 children aged from 5 to 13 were collected in 2002 and identified by haemagglutination inhibition.Results: Ratio of respiratory case in outpatients was 60.17～69.03% from 1999 to April of 2002,ratio of influenza like case in outpatients was 10.62% from May to December in 2002.51 strains of influenza virus were separated,in which ratioes for H3N2,H1N1,B strains were 49.02%,29.41%,21.57%. Ratioes for children H3N2 strains of antibody positive and protective antibody were 95.30% and 74.21%, which were higher than those of H1N1 and B strains.Conclusions: Recent years,H3N2,H1N1, and B strains are in epidemic in Zhengzhou,in which H3N2 is the main strain. Protective antibody of B strain is lower than those of H3N2 and H1N1,so B strain probably outbreak in local area.

关 键 词：流行性感冒 儿童 抗原性变异 监测 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]