生猪屠宰销售职业人群戊型肝炎病毒感染的危险因素研究  

Risk of contract with hepatitis E virus in occupational populations

作　　者：曹海俊[1] 王法弟 高眉扬[1] 朱建福 朱连华 张潇[1] 姜庆五[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院,上海200032 [2]浙江省德清县疾病控制中心

出　　处：《中国人兽共患病杂志》2004年第7期607-609,共3页Chinese Journal of Zoonoses

摘　　要：目的　生猪屠宰销售职业人群戊型肝炎病毒的感染情况 ,流行特征及研究工作时间长短与戊型肝炎病毒感染的关系。方法　 2 0 0 3年在浙江省北部地区采用横断面调查方法 ,调查 2 1- 6 1岁生猪屠宰销售人员 189人 ,用ELISA法检测该人群中HEV -IgG和HEV -IgM抗体水平 ,同时调查相关的职业危险因素。 结果　在调查的 189名与生猪屠宰销售相关的职业人群中 ,抗HEV -IgG和抗HEV -IgM阳性者分别为 14 6例和 5例 ,人群总感染率分别为 77 2 5 %和 2 6 5 %。在 189例抗HEV -IgG阳性者中有男性 139例 ,女性为 7例 ,男女的感染率分别为 77 6 5 %和 70 0 0 % ,戊肝感染和性别没有关系。 5例HEV -IgM阳性者都为男性。戊肝感染可见于各个年龄段 ,但流行率分布不平衡 ,差异有显著性 (χ2 =11 2 2 ,P =0 0 11) ,随着年龄的增长感染率有上升的趋势 ,但是到 4 5岁以后戊肝感染率保持在一个相对稳定水平。戊肝感染随着职业人群和猪接触的年限增加而呈现上升趋势 (χ2 =9 5 74 ,P =0 0 0 2 )。结论　浙江省生猪屠宰销售人员的感染率高于当地人群。和密切猪接触是戊型肝炎感染的危险因素之一 ,同时与猪接触的工作年限也是戊肝感染的危险因素。戊肝感染随着年龄的增加而感染率上升 ,4 5岁以后维持一个相对稳定状态。To investigate the prevalence,epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in persons whose jobs are associated with swine,and to explore the associations between the length of time working with swine and HEV infections,a cross-sectional survey was made in northern areas of Zhejiang province in 2003,interviewed with 189 persons aged from 21 to 61 with occupational exposures to swine. Anti-HEV IgG and IgM antibodies were tested in these persons by commercial ELISA kit. And the correlated occupational risk factors were studied.The results showed that the prevalence of the anti-HEV IgG and IgM antibodies were 77.25% (146/189) and 2.65% (5/189) respectively in the occupational populations,and the seropositive rates of anti-HEV IgG in male and female were 77.65% and 70% respectively,but the 5 persons with positive anti-IgM antibodies were all males.The antibodies increased with advance of ages (x2=11.22,P=0.011).With increase of time working with swine,the seropositive rates were increased (x2=9.57,P=0.002).In conclusion,the prevalence of HEV infection in the occupational population is higher than the rural persons in Zhejiang district.Close contract with swine is a risk factor for HEV infections,and the length of time of close contract with swine is also a risk factor.The prevalence of HEV infections increases with age,but remains stable level above 45 years old.

关 键 词：戊型肝炎 职业人群 流行病学 感染率 

分 类 号：R512.63[医药卫生—内科学] R373.2[医药卫生—临床医学]