晚清狭邪小说的原型剖析  

Analysis for the Archetype of the Xiaxie Novels of the Late Qing Dynasty

作　　者：侯运华[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南大学文学院,河南开封475001

出　　处：《河南大学学报（社会科学版）》2004年第4期101-106,共6页Journal of Henan University(Social Sciences）

摘　　要：狭邪小说中蕴含有丰富的原型 ,它们或隐或显地制约着叙事。具体讲 ,仙人思凡原型建构起“犯戒受惩———凡间磨难———重返仙界”的叙事模式 ;凡人游仙模式则聚焦游仙过程的艰难 ,行为主体超越生死、勘破色相方能成仙。因果相报模式既成为组织情节、安排结构的依据 ,也是制约人物命运的要素 ,“善有善报 ,恶有恶报”成为人物命运的预置模式 ;它还成为增加叙事魅力的手段。乡下愚伯模式建构起“离开乡村到都市———流连都市———逃离都市回到乡村”的叙事模式 ,其价值在于表现都市文明与乡村文明的优劣。There are many archetypes in the Xiaxie novels of the Late Qing Dynasty. These archetypes help determine the narrations in them either explicitly or implicitly. Specifically, the archetype of the immortals yearning for the secular world builds the narrative mode of 'punishment by violating the commandment--sufferings in the mortal world--return to the fairyland'. The archetype of the mortals to the fairyland focuses on the hardships that the mortals meet with, their transcendence of life-and-death, and their disillusionment of feminine charms. The archetype of cause and effect provides the foundation for both plot development and structure of the texts. It is also a factor that determines the fate of the characters, so the presupposed mode of the novels is that 'the good is rewarded with the good and the evil with the evil'. Such mode strengthens the narration, too. The archetype of the country folks fabricates the narration of 'leaving the countryside for the city--lingering on in the city--escape from the city and return to the countryside'. Its value lies in its display of the advantages and disadvantages of the metropolitan civilization.

关 键 词：狭邪小说 原型 仙人思凡 凡人游仙 因果相报 乡下愚伯 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]