超临界流体萃取金属离子在环境分析上的应用  

Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Metal Ions──Applications in Environmental Analysis

作　　者：王少芬 魏建谟 

机构地区：[1]美国爱德荷州大学化学系,摩斯科838442343

出　　处：《分析化学》2004年第8期1110-1115,共6页Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry

摘　　要：固体和液体中的金属离子能在含有有机螯合剂的超临界二氧化碳 (SC CO2 )流体中被有效地萃取出来。超临界流体萃取 (SFE)金属离子的效率取决于下列因素 :螯合剂在SC CO2 中的稳定性和溶解性、金属络合物在SC CO2 中的溶解度、水、pH值、压力。Metal species in solid and liquid materials can be extracted by supercritical CO 2 containing organic ligands. This supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) technique converts charged metal species into neutral complexes which become soluble in CO 2. The efficiency of metal extraction using the in situ chelation SFE method depends on the following factors: stability and solubility of ligand, solubility of metal chelate, water, pH, temperature, pressure, chemical form of metal species and matrix. Several different types of chelating agents including dithiocarbamates, β diketones, organophosphorus reagents and macrocyclic compounds have been tested for their ability to extract heavy metals, lanthanides and actinides from different matrices.

关 键 词：超临界流体萃取 金属离子 环境分析 螯合剂 

分 类 号：O658[理学—分析化学]