内蒙古阿拉善荒漠主要啮齿动物生态位测度比较  

Comparing of Niche for Rodent Species in Alashan Desert Region of Inner Mongolia

作　　者：傅和平[1] 武晓东[1] 杨泽龙[1] 许毅洪 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古锡盟草原工作站,锡林浩特027000

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2004年第4期27-34,共8页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金 (No.30 1 6 0 0 1 9) ;内蒙古自然科学基金 (No.980 2 0 2 )资助项目

摘　　要：用 3种不同的生态位宽度和生态位重叠测度方法 ,对内蒙古阿拉善荒漠 1 1种主要啮齿动物的生态位进行了比较研究。结果表明 ,子午沙鼠的生态位宽度指数最高 ,3种方法计算结果分别为 0 842、0 72 3、0 5 1 6。该种在 7种生境中均有分布 ,且以人工草地和农田的数量最高 ,天然草地的数量最低 ,对 7种资源等级的利用具有一定的选择性。五趾跳鼠的次之 ,分别为 0 75 1、0 72 2、0 5 1 3。该种在 7种生境中均有分布且数量差异不大 ,对 7种资源等级的利用具有一定的普遍性。比较 3种生态位宽度指数测度方法 ,以Shannon WienerIndex对荒漠区啮齿动物较为适宜。生态位重叠指数最高的啮齿动物因计算方法的不同有 1～ 9个种对 ,生态位重叠指数最低的有 1 0～ 1 1个种对。分析比较 3种生态位重叠指数测度方法 。Niches of 11 rodent species in the Alashan desert region of Inner Mongolia were studied by three different methods.The results showed that the niche breadth indexes of Meriones meridianus were valued 0 842,0 723,0 516,as the highest.It distributed in 7 kinds of habitat,however,the highest density of this species was found in artificial grassland and crop land,the lowest density occurred in natural grassland.The niche breadth indexes of Allactaga sibirica were placed in the second which was reatched 0 751,0 722,and 0 513 It was found in 7 kinds of habitat without much density difference Among the three measuring methods,Shannon Wiener Index was morn suitable to describe niche breadth for desert rodents.The highest overlap index in niche was found in 1-9 species pair and the lowest one was occurred in 10-11 species pair when it was measured by difference methods.Comparation between the three methods for measuring niche overlap indexes,the Pianka Index was most applicable by principal component analysis.

关 键 词：啮齿动物 生态位 测度方法 荒漠区 阿拉善 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]