论关联度在间接回指释义中的主导作用  

On the Dominant Role of Associative Strength in Indirect Anaphora Resolution

作　　者：王军[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学

出　　处：《现代外语》2004年第3期239-247,共9页Modern Foreign Languages

摘　　要：长期以来,人们通常认为常规关系是维系间接回指成立的必要因素,然而也有学者对此提出异议,认为非常规关系,或语篇中临时建立的关系可以取代常规关系发挥维系间接性关联的作用。我们通过对英语叙事性文体中获得的语料进行分析证实了上述两种关系的存在,同时还发现,除了常规关系和语篇临时性关联之外,还有一种交际者的主观性关联也可促成间接指称关系的建立。然而,无论哪种关系,在回指释义中起主导作用的因素都是回指项和先行项之间的关联度。在只有一个可能先行项时,关联度可强可弱;当存在两个或两个以上的可能先行项时,期待先行项与回指项之间的关联度一定大于其他可能先行项与回指项之间的关联度。Stereotypic relations have long been regarded as indispensable in the establishment of indirect anaphoric relations. Some scholars, however, hold a different view. They believethat, while stereotypic relations are necessary in most IA (indirect anaphora) instances, in some IA instances non-stereotypic relations or text-specific relations play a crucial role. This view receives support from the present study based on an analysis of English narrative discourses. The study has discovered that there is a special kind of non-stereotypic relation, called the communicator's subjective association, which is characterized by the absence of an antecedent in the preceding discourse. Regardless of the relations involved, as long as an indirect anaphoric relation obtains, there must exist certain associative strength between the expected antecedent and the anaphor. The role of associative strength in tracking the expected antecedent of an anaphor manifests itself in two respects. First, where only one possible antecedent (i.e. the expected antecedent) exists, the associative strength can be either strong or weak. Second, where two or more possible antecedents appear, the associative strength between anaphor and expected antecedent must be stronger than the associative strength between anaphor and any of the other possible antecedents. In reference tracking, the semantic relation between anaphor and expected antecedent is a most important factor in determining the associative strength. Other contextual factors, such as the semantic meaning of some words or phrases, may exert influence on the associative strength by strengthening or weakening a certain pair of relations.

关 键 词：间接回指 关联度 常规关系 非常规关系 回指释义 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]