广义不可逆卡诺热机的生态学最优性能  

ECOLOGICAL OPTIMIZATION FOR GENERALIZED IRREVERSIBLE CARNOT ENGINES

作　　者：周建平[1] 陈林根[1] 孙丰瑞[1] 

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学三系,武汉430033

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2004年第4期561-566,共6页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：全国优秀博士学位论文作者专项资金资助项目(200136);国家重点基础研究发展规划资助(973)项目(G2000026301)

摘　　要：以反映热机功率与熵产率之间最佳折衷的"生态学"准则为目标,综合考虑热阻、热漏及其它不可逆性对卡诺热机性能的影响,导出牛顿传热规律下循环的生态学最优性能,由数值计算分析比较了热漏、内不可逆性的影响特点。生态学优化以牺牲小部分输出功率为代价,较大地降低了循环的熵产率,而且在一定程度上提高了热机效率。因此,生态学目标函数不仅反映了输出功率和熵产率之间的最佳折衷,而且反映了输出功率和热效率之间的最佳折衷。The optimal ecological performance of Newton's law generalized irreversible Carnot engines with the losses of heat-resistance, heat leakage and internal irreversibility is derived by taking an ecological optimization criterion as the objective, which consists of maximizing a function representing the best compromise between the power output and entropy production rate of the heat engine. Some numerical examples are given to show the effects of heat leakage and internal irreversibility on the optimal performance of the generalized irreversible heat engines. The optimization of the ecological function makes the entropy generation rate of cycle decrease greatly and the thermal efficiency increases with the cost of a little decrease of the power output. So it represents not only a compromise between the power output and the entropy generation rate but also one between the power output and the thermal efficiency.

关 键 词：有限时间热力学 不可逆热机 生态学优化 

分 类 号：TK51[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]