沙滤对白斑综合症病毒和细菌的过滤效果  

Effects of Filtering Seawater by Sand Filtering on White Spot Syndrome Virus and Bacteria

作　　者：孙成波[1] 黎子兰 何建国[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学生命科学学院,广东广州510275 [2]海南莺歌海洋生物技术有限公司,海南三亚572536

出　　处：《中山大学学报（自然科学版）》2004年第4期70-73,共4页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni

基　　金：国家重大基础研究计划资助项目(G1999012010);国家自然科学基金资助项目(39670577);国家863资助项目(2003AA603120);广东省自然科学基金资助项目

摘　　要：研究了沙滤对游离白斑综合征病毒(whitespotsyndromevirus,WSSV)和细菌的过滤效果。以凡纳对虾Litopenaeusvannamei作为感染对象,用游离病毒2 4×105拷贝 mL浸泡感染对虾(感染初期投喂人工配合饲料),17d内死亡率100%,第1尾对虾死亡时间为36 5h,最后1尾死亡时间为402h,平均死亡时间124h;相同浓度的游离病毒经沙滤后人工浸泡感染对虾,16d内死亡率100%,第1尾受感染对虾60h死亡,最后1尾死亡时间为374h,平均死亡时间168 6h;病毒沙滤后平均死亡时间延长26 8%。1 2×104拷贝 mL游离病毒浸泡感染对虾,18d内受感染对虾死亡率100%,第1尾死亡时间为111h,最后1尾死亡时间为415h,平均死亡时间274 7h;相同浓度游离病毒经沙滤后浸泡感染组养殖18d,仅1尾死亡,时间为448h。1 2×103拷贝 mL病毒组和1 2×102拷贝 mL病毒组直接感染和沙滤后感染养殖20d,均未出现死亡。对细菌沙滤效果研究结果表明,从2003年8月11日—12月28日连续27次检测,细菌过滤率最低为30%,最高为98 14%,平均为63 33%;其中弧菌最低为5 26%,最高为97 2%,平均为66 46%。研究结果认为沙滤对游离病毒和细菌过滤有一定的作用。为防止对虾从海区海水污染感染病毒病和细菌病,建议对虾养殖过程中,外海水采用沙滤加蓄水池中间沉淀消毒以保证养殖用水的安全。Sand filtering is mostly used in treating sea water in Chinese for shrimp culture. In the present study, we mainly study the effect of sand filtering on white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and bacteria. Concenrtration of WSSV, 2.4×10~5 copies /mL, 1.2×10~4 copies /mL, 1.2×10~3 copies /mL and 1.2×10~2 copies /mL was used directly to infect Litopenaeus vannamei by marinating, respectively. Same concentration WSSV filtered by sand Under was used to infect the shrimp too. The first concentration group untreated by sand filter, the deadtime of first shrimp was 36.5 hours, and that of the last one was 402 hours, the average was 124 hours.The first concentration group treated by sand filter, the deadtime of first shrimp was 60 hours, and that of the last one was 374 hours, the average was 168.6 hours. The second concentration, the deadtime of first shimp The deadtime of antitheses is 36.5 hours.402 hours and 124 hours. Under the first concentration,the deadtime of two groups is very different. To bacteria and vibrio we tested 27 times,the average filtering ratio of bacteria was 63.33%,and that of vibyio was 66.46%.

关 键 词：沙滤 白斑综合症病毒 细菌 弧菌 

分 类 号：S968.22[农业科学—水产养殖]