青藏高原东部和西太平洋暖池区大气热源与中国夏季降水的关系  

ON THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE SUMMER RAINFALL IN CHINA AND THE ATMOSPHERIC HEAT SOURCES OVER THE EASTERN TIBE岮N PLATEAU AND THE WESTERN PACIFIC WARM POOL

作　　者：简茂球[1] 罗会邦[1] 乔云亭[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学大气科学系/季风与环境研究中心,广东广州510275

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2004年第4期355-364,共10页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：<国家重点基础研究发展规划>项目第一部分(G1998040903);国家自然科学基金项目(40175018)资助

摘　　要：利用1951～2000年NCEP/NCAR逐日再分析资料计算了大气热源,并对夏季青藏高原东部大气热源异常和西太平洋暖池区大气热源异常对中国夏季降水的影响作了对比分析研究。结果表明,如果高原东部夏季大气热源显著偏强(偏弱),则长江流域地区的夏季降水显著偏多(偏少),而华南东部地区夏季降水偏少(偏多)。菲律宾南部附近的热带西太平洋暖池区上空夏季大气热源显著偏强(偏弱)时,同期长江中下游地区偏涝(偏旱),而华南地区、江苏北部-山东南部则偏旱(偏涝)。夏季青藏高原东部大气热源异常和热带西太平洋暖池区大气热源异常对中国夏季降水的影响是有差别的,中国的夏季降水受高原东部大气热源影响的显著范围要比受西太平洋暖池区大气热源影响的显著范围要大。无论是高原热源异常还是西太平洋暖池热源异常,东亚地区的大气环流都存在类似EAP型的遥相关波列。大气热源的异常是通过直接影响垂直运动场的异常,进而影响到我国的夏季降水的异常。夏季高原热源或西太平洋暖池热源偏强(偏弱)时,西太平洋副高的脊线比常年位置偏南(偏北)。The relationships between the summer rainfall in China and the atmospheric heat sources over the eastern Tibetan Plateau and the western Pacific warm pool were analyzed comparatively, using the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis daily data. The strong (weak) heat source in summer over the eastern Tibetan Plateau will lead to abundant (scarce) summer rainfall in the Yangtze River basin, and scarce/abundant summer rainfall in the eastern part of Southern China. While the strong (weak) heat source in summer over the western Pacific warm pool will lead to another pattern of abundant (scarce) summer rainfall in the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River and scarce (abundant) summer rainfall in Southern China and in the region of northern Jiangsu to southern Shandong. Comparatively, the heat source over the eastern Tibetan Plateau affects a larger area of summer rainfall than the heat source over the western Pacific. In both cases of the heat source anomalies over the eastern Tibetan Plateau and over the western Pacific, there exist EAP-like teleconnection patterns in East Asia. The summer rainfall in China is influenced directly by the abnormal vertical motion, which is related closely to the abnormal heat sources in the atmosphere. The ridge line of the western Pacific High locates far south (north) in summer in the case of strong (weak) heat sources over the two areas mentioned above.

关 键 词：青藏高原东部 西太平洋暖池区 大气热源 中国夏季降水 

分 类 号：P426[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]