吐鲁番盆地的干热环境特征  

THE ARID—HOT ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS IN TURPAN BASIN

作　　者：李新[1] 尹景原[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆地理研究所

出　　处：《干旱区地理》1993年第2期63-70,共8页Arid Land Geography

摘　　要：吐鲁番盆地降水稀少,气候炎热,本文从其降水、气温、地表水与地下水、土壤、植被等自然条件分析了盆地的环境特征。采用代表环境热力状况的年积温与水量平衡方程的比值为干旱指标,将盆地划分为湿润、半湿润、半干旱和干旱4个环境类型,9个区。Turpan Basin is the lowest one in China,the environmental characteristics are as following:1. There is a little precipitation. The annual precipitation near the centre of Turpan Basin is less than 20 mm,and even in some places less than 10 mm.2. Air temperature is very high. The highest one can be 48℃. The period of temperature being higher than 40℃ is as long as more than 30 days every year.3. Water resources of river is lacking,only 7.8 10~8m^3. However, the ground water resource that can be exploited is as much as 8.64~10.8m^3.4. There is no a stretch of forest,and vegetation is sparse and short—stalked.According to the aridity and humidity,the ratio of the annual accumulated temperature which is equal or over 10℃,to water balance equation was used as the environmental aridity index,Turpan Basin can be divided into 4 types and 9 arid or humid areas.

关 键 词：干热环境 干旱指标 环境 类型 盆地 

分 类 号：P941.75[天文地球—自然地理学]